The book of antelopes, vol. 3 (of 4)Sclater, Philip Lutley
Science
The book of antelopes, vol. 3 (of 4)
Sclater, Philip Lutley
Antelopes
_Hab._ Morocco and Algeria, and extending through Egypt
into Palestine and Syria.
Like other Antelopes known to Linnæus, the Dorcas Gazelle was placed by
the great founder of systematic nomenclature in the genus _Capra_, and
called _Capra dorcas_. The specific term selected was taken from the
Greek, in which language it signifies primarily a wild goat or fawn,
and subsequently the name of a woman, being, as we know from a familiar
passage in the New Testament, the equivalent of the Syriac “Tabitha.”
The term “_dorcas_,” however, according to good authorities, was also
applied to the present animal by Ælian and other ancient writers.
Linnæus based his _Capra dorcas_ upon the _Gazella africana_ of Ray’s
‘Synopsis of Quadrupeds,’ which there can be little doubt was intended
for the present species, although it has been supposed by some authors
to be rather applicable to the Bubal (_Bubalis boselaphus_).
In his memoir on the Antelopes, published at Berlin in 1767, Pallas
placed _Antilope dorcas_ eighth in the list, basing it on Buffon’s
“_La Gazelle_,” which it is evident, both from the figure and the
description, was taken from a specimen of the present animal.
Besides “La Gazelle” in the twelfth volume of his ‘Histoire Naturelle,’
Buffon also described and figured another Antelope, “Le Kevel,” of
which he does not state the locality. Some authors have been disposed
to refer Buffon’s Kevel to the larger Antelope of Algeria, which
is generally called _Gazella cuvieri_. But Buffon’s description of
the colour of the face and the length he attributes to the ears, as
likewise his phrase that the Kevel is “plus petit que la Gazelle,”
taken together form conclusive evidence against this view, and
there can practically be no doubt that Buffon’s “Kevel” was a small
individual of _Gazella dorcas_.
A third name invented by Buffon for one of the Gazelles, “La Corine,”
has likewise been the source of some confusion. His figure and
description were taken from a female animal at one time living in
the park of Saint Cloud, but its locality was not given. Owing to
the fact that some horns, brought home by Adanson from Senegal, were
subsequently referred to Buffon’s “Corine,” the name _Gazella
corinna_ (founded upon Buffon’s “Corine”) has been sometimes
applied to the _Gazella rufifrons_ of Senegal. But, so far as
we can judge from Buffon’s figure and description, the real type
of Buffon’s “Corine” must have been merely an ordinary female of
_Gazella dorcas_, although there is some difficulty on the
subject in consequence of the discrepancy between Buffon’s figure and
his description. As Thomas has shown in his observations upon this
point (P. Z. S. 1894, p. 469), it seems that a wholly satisfactory
determination of Buffon’s “Corine” is barely possible.
It is manifest, however, that the names “_kevella_” and “_corinna_”
cannot be safely assigned to any other Gazelle than _Gazella dorcas_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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