[Sidenote: Pears, apples, cherries, filberts, bullace, damsons, &c.] It is necessarye, profytable, and also a pleasure, to a housbande, to haue peares, wardens, and apples of dyuerse sortes. And also cheryes, filberdes, bulleys, dampsons, plummes, walnuttes, and suche other. And 4 therfore it is conuenyent to lerne howe thou shalte graffe. Than it is to be knowen what thynges thou [Sidenote: A grafting-saw.] must haue to graffe withall. Thou muste haue a graffynge-sawe, the whiche wolde be very thynne, and 8 thycke-tothed; and bycause it is thynne, it wyll cut the narower kyrfe, and the cleaner, for brusynge of the barke. And therfore it is sette in a compasse pece of yren, syxe inches of, to make it styffe and bygge. Thou 12 [Sidenote: Grafting-knife.] muste haue also a graffynge-knyfe, an inche brode, with [Sidenote: [Fol. 55*.]] a thycke backe, to cleue the stocke with-all. And also [Sidenote: Mallet, and sharp small knives.] a mallet, to dryue the knyfe and thy wedge in-to the tree: and a sharpe knife, to pare the stockes heed, and 16 an other sharpe knyfe, to cutte the graffe cleane. And [Sidenote: Two wedges.] also thou muste haue two wedges of harde wood, or elles of yren, a longe small one for a small stocke, and broder for a bygger stocke, to open the stocke, whan it is clouen 20 [Sidenote: Clay, moss, and bast.] and pared: and also good tough claye and mosse, and also bastes or pyllynge of wethy or elme, to bynde them with, &c. 137. ¶ What fruite shuld be fyrste graffed. [Sidenote: Graft pears before apples.] Peares and wardens wolde be graffed before any maner of apples, bycause the sappe commeth sooner and rather in-to the peare-tree and warden-tree, thanne in-to the [Sidenote: Graft from Feb. 14 to March 25.] apple-tree. And after saynt Valentynes daye, it is tyme 4 to grade both peares and wardens, tyll Marche be comen, and thanne to graffe appels to our lady daye. And than graffe that that is gette of an olde apple-tree fyrste, for that wyll budde before the graffe get of a yonge apple-tree 8 late graffed. And a peare or a warden wolde be graded in a pyrre-stocke; and if thou canst get none, [Sidenote: [Fol. 55*_b_.]] than graffe it in a crabbe-tree stocke, and it wyll do well: and some men grade theym in a whyte-thorne, and than 12 [Sidenote: A crab-stock is best for apples.] it wyll be the more harder and stonye. And for all maner of appels, the crabtree stocke is beste. 138. ¶ Howe to graffe.