The Book of Stars: Being a Simple Explanation of the Stars and Their Uses to Boy LifeCollins, A. Frederick (Archie Frederick)
Science
The Book of Stars: Being a Simple Explanation of the Stars and Their Uses to Boy Life
Collins, A. Frederick (Archie Frederick)
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature; Stars -- Juvenile literature
By pointing your camera toward that part of the sky and during that
time of the year when there are showers of meteors, and opening the
shutter of your lens, you stand a chance, though it is not a very fat
one, of catching one of these wily shooting stars on your plate, and if
you do succeed--well, you will have a picture that is a curiosity.
You can photograph the Sun with an ordinary camera and make his disk
as large as you want to, but you will get nothing more on your plate
than a white spot. The Moon can likewise be photographed, but if you
focus it sharp on the plate it will not be much larger than a mere
point of light, and if you get a disk large enough to see there will
only be a small white spot on your finished print.
To make good photographs of the Sun, Moon and planets, a big telescope
driven by clockwork to offset the turning of the Earth is needed. Such
a telescope is called an _equatorial telescope_, and when it is set so
that an object in the sky is in the field of view, it will remain right
there as long as you want it, and when you make a photograph of the
object it will be as sharp and as clear as though both it and the Earth
were standing perfectly still.
If you think enough of the stars to try to photograph them with your
little camera, I should say there is a very good chance of your being
able to photograph them sometime through an equatorial telescope _for
all things come to the boy who wants them hard enough_.
=What the Stars Are Made of.=--To know what the stars are made of is to
know more about them than men knew of the Earth a few hundred years ago.
But just think of looking at a star like Aldebaran, which is so far
away that it takes 45 years for its light to reach the Earth--light
travels eleven million miles a minute--and then saying it is made
of iron, and mercury and hydrogen and sodium and half a dozen other
substances!
Now you ask, “How is it done?” And I’ll say with a _glass prism_, and
then we’ll have made a flying start. Now a glass prism is a three-sided
piece of glass--the ends don’t count--as shown in Fig. 144, and it is
just as wonderful in its way as a lens is wonderful in its way.
If you will hold a prism to your eye and look at the flame of a candle
through it, you will see the flame in all the brilliant colors of the
rainbow, and these bright colors form what is called a _spectrum_.
Now make another experiment; cover a window, on which the Sun shines,
with a sheet of cardboard, in the middle of which you have cut a
horizontal slit with a sharp knife, about 1 inch long and ¹/₂₅ inch
wide. Make the room perfectly dark except for the light which comes
in through the slit in the cardboard, and set a prism in front of the
slit, as shown in Fig. 145. The beam of sunlight which passes through
the prism will be split up, or _decomposed_, as it is called, into the
seven colors of the rainbow, but the colors will be much brighter.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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