The books of the Apocrypha : $b their origin, teaching and contentsOesterley, W. O. E. (William Oscar Emil)
Religion
The books of the Apocrypha : $b their origin, teaching and contents
Oesterley, W. O. E. (William Oscar Emil)
Bible. Apocrypha -- Introductions
When He established the heavens, I was there;
When He set a circle upon the face of the deep....
Then I was by Him, as a master workman,
And I was daily His delight....
That such thoughts are due to Greek influence scarcely admits of
doubt.[102]
We come next to the book of Job. In reference to this O. Holtzmann
says with much force that in this book “we have to do with a
religious-philosophical work; and, so far as we know, the Israelites
never evinced any inclination for philosophy until they came in
contact with Hellenism. Further, we must draw attention to the fact
that the book of Job has as its background the form of a novel,
which flourished everywhere among the Greeks; and this is one of the
clearest signs of the individualistic tendency which predominated at
this period.... Moreover, the form of dialogue which is peculiar to
this book receives thus a new significance; we have here, without
doubt, a Hebrew imitation of the philosophic dialogue of Plato; and
here one should recall how Plato meditated upon the causes of human
suffering, and how he, too, appreciated the grandeur and beauty of
the world.”[103] The author of the book of Job takes up a position
of antagonism towards the old orthodoxy, represented by the three
friends, as well as towards the new Hellenistic spirit, the ultimate
consequence of which must, as he sees, lead to atheism, pure and
simple. His position is thus, in this respect, similar to that of
the author of Proverbs i.-ix. Friedländer sees in the three friends
the “pious ones” of the Psalms.[104] Further, we have in the book
of Job a conception of Wisdom somewhat similar to that of Proverbs;
in the long passage, xxviii. 12-28, Wisdom is conceived of as God’s
co-operator, see especially verses 20-27; but unlike the teaching
of Proverbs on the subject, there is not the intimate relationship
existing between Wisdom and men; there is only a brief allusion to
this in verse 28.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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