The boy's book of trades and the tools used in themAnonymous
General
The boy's book of trades and the tools used in them
Anonymous
Industrial arts -- Juvenile literature; Vocational guidance -- Juvenile literature
The blades that have been examined and passed by the manager are next
taken to the grinding mill, or, as it is technically termed, the _wheel_.
Each separate shop in the building in which the grinders work is called
a _hull_. The grinding is done on stones of various qualities and sizes,
according to the kind of articles to be ground. The rough grit stones
come mostly from Wickersley, near Rotherham; the finer and smoother
grained stones, and the so-called _whitning_ stones, come mostly from the
more immediate neighbourhood of Sheffield. The blades of table-knives
are ground on wet stones, the grinding stone being suspended, for that
purpose, in an iron trough filled with water to a sufficient height
to make the surface of the fluid just touch the face of the stone. The
grinding stones, as well as the glazers and polishers, are turned by
machinery worked by steam power. A _flat stick_ is used by the grinder
to keep the blade pressed to the surface of the stone. The ground blades
are then glazed, which simply means that a higher degree of lustre and
smoothness is given them by grinding on a tool termed a _glazer_. This
consists of a wheel made of a number of pieces of wood, put together
in such a manner that the edge or face always presents the end way of
the wood, which is done to preserve the circular shape by preventing
contraction of the parts. The grinding face of the wheel is covered with
so-called emery cake, which consists of a composition of beeswax, tallow,
and emery. The glazing wheels have a diameter of four feet. The tang of
the blade is stuck into a temporary handle to facilitate the operation.
[Illustration: Grindstones. Chisel. Buskin. Flat File or Rasp. Gauge.]
The last process to which the blades of table-knives are subjected in the
grinding mill is that of polishing; this is done on circular pieces of
wood covered with buff leather, with a coat of finer emery (flour emery)
composition upon it, which are made to revolve with much less velocity
than the grinding stones and the glazers. The ground blades are again
taken to the manager, who applies several very severe tests to them, to
try their temper and edge.
[Illustration: Shears. Flat Stick. Haft Moulds.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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