When Marx's theory appeared, the control of the economy was based on short
range symbolic models. So, long-range problems were not predicted. The lack of
stability of the society in that period was an effect of this problem.
Later, society advanced to take into account the long-range problems too and
so, social-democratic movements appeared.
1878 BC: Jehovah's Witnesses
In time, as the capacity to make and operate symbolic models increased, the
"classical" Christian religion was under pressure to change to meet the new
requirements. It resulted in reform movements in the frame of the Christian
religion. Instead, Jehovah's Witnesses make a new model starting from scratch.
1900 BC: Max Planck introduces Quantum Mechanics
Quantum Mechanics is the first purely symbolic model associated to external
reality. Such a model is "pure", because it cannot be translated or associated
with any image model. This is a very high step in the evolution of the brain
(level 5 of evolution).
Based on data, it seems that Max Planck understood from the beginning that his
theory was good, but he was blocked by the fact that imagination does not work
in understanding it. It seems that Albert Einstein pushed him to publish the
theory.
Quantum Mechanics cannot be translated to image models. If someone forces such
a translation, aberations or logical contradictions occur. The best known
problem is the nature of light. Quantum Mechanics predicts that light is both
wave and particle. This situation cannot be understood based on image models.
Quantum Mechanics pushed forward the evolution of society on a very high
technological level (e.g. the transistors and the lasers are the basic
components to build computers).
1905 BC: Albert Einstein, the theory of the relativity
Einstein starts from Euclid's Geometry and Newton's Mechanics to make a new
theory, to extend the knowledge to atomic and sub-atomic levels, and to the
far Universe. The "marriage" between Quantum Mechanics and the theory of
Relativity builds the main tool to understand sub-atomic "Universe".
This new symbolic model was created based on a new Geometry and some new
principles. Together with Quantum Mechanics, the Theory of the Relativity
speeds up the evolution of society.
1914 BC: The First World War (The Great War)
1917 BC: Communism in Russia
Communism is an ideology. It is based on an image model translated to some
short-range symbolic models.
The main problem of the Russian society of that time was a huge dispersion
between the level of understanding of the external reality from one person to
another. Even worse, the level was low compared to Western Europe. Communism
was only a fast solution to the problem, at least on short-range. Of course,
an invariant ideology could be useful only on short-range.
As we know, the communist system crashed due to the lack of economic
efficiency, but the basic cause is associated to its invariance.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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