Slavery -- United States; United States -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865; United States -- Race relations
This sleepless watchman since 1835 had again and again blown the trumpet
as the sword of disunion was coming upon the land. Now, the grave yawning
before him, he sees that sword nearer and sharper, and conscious that it
is his last public duty he sends forth to all his country a blast of
warning more earnest and more solemn than ever. Warning that the bloodiest
of all wars is coming, and that between brothers. Warning--it is the whole
of this dread deliverance. Here is the first paragraph:
"I have, senators, believed from the first that the agitation of the
subject of slavery would, if not prevented by some timely and
effective measure, end in disunion. Entertaining this opinion, I have
on all proper occasions endeavored to call the attention of both the
two great parties which divide the country to adopt some measure to
prevent so great a disaster, but without success. The agitation has
been permitted to proceed, with almost no attempt to resist it, until
it has reached a point where it can no longer be disguised or denied
that the union is in danger. You have thus had forced upon you the
greatest and the gravest question that can ever come under your
consideration,--How can the union be preserved?"
And this is the last paragraph:
"I have now, senators, done my duty in expressing my opinions fully
and candidly on this solemn occasion. In doing so, I have been
governed by the motives which have governed me in all stages of the
agitation of the slavery question since its commencement. I have
exerted myself during the whole period to arrest it with the intention
of saving the union, if it could be done, and if it could not, to save
the section where it has pleased providence to cast my lot, and which
I sincerely believe has justice and the constitution on its side.
Having faithfully done my duty to the best of my ability both to the
union and my section, throughout this agitation, I shall have the
consolation, let what will come, that I am free from all
responsibility."
Had abolition been in charge of men, Calhoun, claiming, as appeared to
them, the most palpable rights under current views of justice, under the
constitution, under the law, and under patriotic duty, would have
prevailed. He never understood, no more than the abolitionists themselves
did, that providence was making an instrument of abolition to remove the
only danger to the American union, and that providence was not under human
constitutions, laws, and convictions of duty. As you meditate this
superhuman achievement of the true citizen in his last stand for his
doomed section, does it not help you to appreciate better the high saying
of the Greeks, that the struggle of a good man against fate is the most
elevating of all spectacles?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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