The Butterfly Book: A Popular Guide to a Knowledge of the Butterflies of North AmericaHolland, W. J. (William Jacob)
Science
The Butterfly Book: A Popular Guide to a Knowledge of the Butterflies of North America
Holland, W. J. (William Jacob)
Butterflies -- North America
_Early Stages._--These have only been partially ascertained. The
caterpillar, like all others of the genus, feeds on grasses.
This insect is found in the Gulf States and as far north as New Jersey,
and is probably only a large Southern form of the next species.
(2) =Satyrus alope=, Fabricius, Plate XXVI, Fig. 1, ♂; Fig. 2, ♀; Plate
III, Fig. 18, _larva_ (The Common Wood-nymph).
_Butterfly._--Closely resembling the preceding species, but only two
thirds of its size. The figures in our plate give a correct idea of its
appearance. The number of the ocelli is not constant, and occasionally
specimens occur in which they are almost wanting. Several varietal forms
have been described: _S. maritima_, from Long Island and Martha's
Vineyard, in which the wings are smaller, the band inclined to
orange-yellow, and the upper side of the wings is darker than in the
typical form; and _S. texana_, from the extreme South, in which the
ground-color of the wings is paler brown, the yellow band ochreous, and
the spots on the under side of the hind wings larger than in the other
forms.
(_a_) =Satyrus alope=, form =nephele=, Kirby, Plate XXVI, Fig. 3, ♂;
Fig. 4, ♀, _under side_; Plate IV, Figs. 7, 8, _chrysalis_ (The Clouded
Wood-nymph).
This varietal form of _S. alope_, long held to be a species, but now
known to be a dimorphic variety, is characterized by the partial or
entire suppression of the yellow band on the primaries and the tendency
of the eye-spots to become obsolete. It is the Northern form of the
species, and is found in Canada, New England, and on the continent
generally, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, north of the latitude of
central New York and southward on the mountain masses of the Appalachian
ranges.
(_b_) =Satyrus alope=, form =olympus=, Edwards, Plate XXVI, Fig. 9, ♂;
Fig. 10, ♀, _under side_ (Olympus).
This form of _S. alope_ is common in the region west of the Mississippi.
The males are a trifle darker and the females a shade paler than in the
form _nephele_, which they closely approximate, and from which it would
almost be impossible to separate them without a knowledge of the country
whence they come.
(_c_) =Satyrus alope=, form =ariane=, Boisduval, Plate XXVI, Fig. 5, ♂;
Fig. 6, ♀, _under side_ (Ariane).
In _ariane_ we have a decidedly dwarfed form, in which the males and the
females are quite dark. The ocelli, though small, are persistent, well
defined, rarely showing a tendency to disappear completely. This form is
found in British America, Oregon, and the northwestern portion of the
United States.
(_d_) =Satyrus baroni=, Plate XXVI, Fig. 15, ♂; Fig. 16, ♂, _under
side_ (Baron's Satyr).
This is another form, dark on the upper side and reddish below, in which
the ocelli on the under side show a tendency to become obsolete, and in
some specimens are wholly wanting.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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