The end of the expedition of the Crusaders had now been attained, but it
may safely be asserted that the chief feeling in their ranks was a bitter
disappointment at being cheated out of the sack of Constantinople, a
prospect over which they had been gloating ever since they left Zara. They
spent the next three months in endeavouring to wring out of their
triumphant protégés, Isaac and Alexius, every bezant that could be scraped
together. The old emperor, already blind and gout-ridden, was driven to
imbecility by their demands: his son was a raw, inexperienced youth who
could neither be firm, nor frank, nor dignified in dealing with any one.
He angered the Franks by insincere diplomacy, and the Greeks by his
reckless schemes for extracting money from them. The winter of 1203-4 was
spent in ceaseless wrangling about the subsidy due to the Crusaders, till
Alexius, growing seriously frightened, began exactions on his subjects
which drove them to revolt. When he seized and melted down the golden
lamps and silver candelabra which formed the pride of St. Sophia, stripped
its eikonostasis of its rich metal plating, and requisitioned the jewelled
eikons and reliquaries of every church in the city, the populace would
stand his proceedings no longer. They would not serve an emperor who had
sold himself to the Franks, and only reigned in order to subject the
Eastern Church to Rome, and to pour the hoarded wealth of the ancient
empire into the coffers of the upstart Italian republics.
In January, 1204, the storm burst. The populace and troops shut the gates
of the city, and fell on the isolated Latins who were within the walls.
They were not long without a leader; a fierce and unscrupulous officer
named Alexius Ducas put himself at their head and determined to seize the
throne. Isaac II. died of fright in the midst of the tumult; his son
Alexius was caught and strangled by the usurper. Thus the Angeli ceased
out of the land, and Alexius V. reigned in their stead. He is less
frequently named by chroniclers under his family name of Ducas, than under
his nickname of “Murtzuphlus,” drawn from the bushy overhanging eyebrows
which formed the most prominent feature of his countenance.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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