The Cambridge, Ely, and King's Lynn Road: The Great Fenland HighwayHarper, Charles G. (Charles George)
History
The Cambridge, Ely, and King's Lynn Road: The Great Fenland Highway
Harper, Charles G. (Charles George)
England -- Description and travel; Fens, The (England) -- Description and travel
Here is a typical dyke. Its surface is richly carpeted with
water-weeds, and the water-lily spreads its flat leaves prodigally
about it; the bright yellow blossoms reclining amid them like graceful
naiads on fairy couches. But the Fenland children have a more prosaic
fancy. They call them "Brandy-balls." The flowering rush, flushing a
delicate carmine, and the aquatic sort of forget-me-not, sporting the
Cambridge colours, are common inhabitants of the dykes; and in the more
stagnant may be found the "water-soldier," a queer plant without any
roots, living in the still slime at the bottom until the time comes for
it to put forth its white blossoms, when it comes to "attention" in the
light of day, displays its fleeting glory, and then sinks again, "at
ease," to its fetid bed. There is a current in the dykes, but the water
flows so imperceptibly that it does not deflect the upstanding spikes
of the daintiest aquatic plant by so much as a hair's-breadth. Indeed,
it would not flow at all, and would merely stagnate, were it not for
the windmill-worked pumps that suck it along and, somewhere in the void
distance, impel it up an inclined plane, and so discharge it into the
longer and higher drain, whence it indolently flows into one of the
canalised rivers, and so, through a sluice, eventually finds its way
into the sea at ebbtide.
The means by which the Fens are kept drained are not without their
interest. A glance at a map of Cambridgeshire and its neighbouring
counties will show the Great Level to be divided up into many
patches of land by hard straight lines running in every direction.
Some are thicker, longer, and straighter than others, but they all
inter-communicate, and eventually reach one or other of the rivers.
The longest, straightest, and broadest of these represents that great
drain already mentioned, the Old Bedford River, seventy feet wide and
twenty-one miles long; cut in the seventeenth century to shorten the
course of the Ouse and to carry off the floods. Others are the New
Bedford River, one hundred feet in width, cut only a few years later
and running parallel with the first; Vermuyden's Eau, or the Forty Foot
Drain, of the same period, feeding the Old Bedford River from the Nene,
near Ramsey, with their tributaries and counter-drains. The North Level
cuts belong principally to the early part of the nineteenth century,
when Rennie drained the Wisbeach and Lynn districts.
[Illustration: A WET DAY IN THE FENS.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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