The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 04 (of 10)Warburton, Cecil
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 04 (of 10)
Warburton, Cecil
Animals
In _Albunea_, which is found in the Mediterranean, the first
antennae[141] are greatly lengthened and apposed to one another, and by
means of a system of interlocking hairs they form a tube down which the
water is sucked for respiration. The object of this arrangement is to
ensure a supply of clear water, filtered from particles of sand, when
the crab is buried beneath the surface, on these occasions the tip of
the antennal tube being protruded above the surface of the sand. An
exactly similar tube is used by the true Crab _Corystes cassivelaunus_,
which has similar burrowing habits, but here the tube is formed from the
second antennae and not from the first, so that the tubes in the two
cases afford beautiful instances of analogous or homoplastic structures
between which there is no homology (see p. 189).
=Fam. 1. Albuneidae.=—The first legs are subchelate; the carapace is
flattened, without expansions covering the legs. _Albunea_ with several
species in the Mediterranean, West Indies, and Indo-Pacific.
[Illustration:
FIG. 117.—_Remipes scutellatus_, dorsal and ventral views, × 1. (From
original drawings prepared for Professor Weldon.)
]
=Fam. 2. Hippidae.=—The first legs are simple, the carapace is
subcylindrical with expansions covering the legs. _Remipes_ (Fig. 117)
and _Hippa_ in tropical or sub-tropical seas.
=Tribe 3. Paguridea.=[142]
The ordinary Hermit-crabs, common on the English as on every coast, are
characterised by the fleshy asymmetrical abdomen from which all the hard
matter has disappeared, and which is carried tucked away in an empty
Gasteropod shell. The abdomen is spirally wound in accordance with the
shape of the shell, and a firm attachment is effected by means of the
sixth pair of pleopods, especially that of the left side, which is
fashioned into the form of a hook and is curled round the columella of
the shell; this attachment is so secure that in trying to pull a
Hermit-crab out of its shell the body is torn apart before the hold
gives way. The other pleopods are in a much reduced condition, being
generally altogether absent from the right side of the abdomen, and
often greatly reduced on the left side, especially in the male, though
in the female they are still used for the attachment of the eggs.
The last two pereiopods are much reduced and are concealed inside the
shell, which they help to carry. The great chelae are usually
asymmetrically developed, that on the right side being much larger than
that on the left, and often serving the purpose of shutting the entrance
to the shell when the crab is withdrawn inside.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account