The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 05 (of 10)Sedgwick, Adam
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 05 (of 10)
Sedgwick, Adam
Animals
These nurseries rest on the clay-like framework of the nest, but are not
attached thereto; they in no way support it, or one another, indeed they
have the appearance of being constantly added to on their upper margins and
constantly eaten away on their under parts. Fig. 240 represents the
appearance of the upper boundary of a nursery taken from a nest of _Termes
angustatus_. The small white bodies, mentioned above, have disappeared: the
mycelium of the fungus, though not shown in the {388}figure, is still
visible on the specimen from which it was drawn, and gives rise to a
whitish, glaucous appearance.
In various parts of the world nests formed on trees by Termites are to be
seen; these tree nests are, it would appear, in some cases only parts of a
community, and are connected with the main body by galleries. In other
cases nests are formed in various positions of advantage; Messrs. Hubbard
and Hagen have given us an account[304] of some of these—probably the work
of _Eutermes ripperti_—as seen in Jamaica. They describe the nests as
spherical or conical masses, looking externally as if composed of loamy
earth; they are placed on trees, fences, or walls; they vary in size from
that of a man's fist to that of a hogshead; they appear to be composed of
finely comminuted wood fastened together by saliva. These nests are formed
on the same principle as those of the wasps that make nests hanging to
trees and bushes, as they consist of an external protecting envelope
covering a comb-like mass in the interior. At the bottom of the nest there
is a covered gallery leading to the earth, where the main nest appears to
be situate; galleries also are constructed so as to lead to the tops of
trees and other places, in such a manner that the Termite can still keep up
its peculiarity of working and travelling in tunnels and yet roam over a
large area; the activity of these Termites continues day and night. In each
nest there is a queen, who lays eggs that are removed by the worker
Termites to the bottom of the nest. The young are fed on a prepared food,
consisting apparently of comminuted vegetable matter, of which considerable
masses are laid in store. Some of the nests are rich in containing many
pounds' weight of this material, while others are apparently quite
destitute of it. There is a soldier form and at least two kinds of workers.
Some species of true ant frequently shares the nest of these white ants,
but on what terms the two kinds of Insects live together is not stated.
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