The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 07 (of 10)Boulenger, George Albert
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 07 (of 10)
Boulenger, George Albert
Animals
In the Cyclostomata (_Petromyzon_) these bodies are represented by lobules
of cells along the posterior cardinal veins, and also by masses of peculiar
cells ("chromaffin cells") along the sides of the aorta and segmental
arteries.[406] In Elasmobranchs there are two distinct structures, the
paired supra-renals and the inter-renals (Fig. 203, A). The former are a
series of pairs of segmentally arranged bodies, situated on the successive
pairs of segmental arteries given off from the dorsal aorta. The two bodies
which form the first pair are much larger than any of the others, and were
formerly spoken of as "axillary hearts." The inter-renal is usually a thin
elongated "ochre-yellow" body, from which one or two lobes may be detached
in front, and extends for a variable distance in {347}the median line
between the two kidneys, or is unsymmetrically placed on the ventral
surface of either kidney.[407] Sometimes (e.g. in _Raia_) the inter-renals
are paired, in which case they are applied to the inner and hinder margins
of the kidneys. In the Sturgeon (_Acipenser sturio_) the "supra-renals"
appear as numerous "ochre-yellow" bodies, variable in size and distribution
(Fig. 203, B). Some of them are visible on the surface of the kidneys,
while others are scattered about in their substance, but on the whole are
more anteriorly placed than in Teleosts. In the latter group the
"supra-renals" are usually two in number (Fig. 203, C), but may be as many
as five or reduced to one. They are disposed either on the ventral or the
dorsal surface of the kidneys, generally near their hinder extremities, or
more or less deeply embedded in their substance. Besides these bodies there
are also chromaffin cells in the walls of the anterior cardinal veins.[408]
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