The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 08 (of 10)Gadow, Hans
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 08 (of 10)
Gadow, Hans
Animals
_B. marinus_ s. _agua_ is the giant among toads, and is one of the
commonest species of the Neotropical region, ranging from the Antilles and
Mexico to Argentina. It frequently reaches a length of 6 inches, with a
width of 4 inches when squatting down in its favourite attitude. The upper
parts are rough, owing to the prominent warty glands, of which the parotoid
complex is enormous. The general colour above is dark brown, with sooty
dark patches; below whitish, often with blackish patches. This creature
appears at dusk, often in large numbers, especially during the rainy
season, hopping about, not crawling, with surprising {179}activity. The
voice of the male, strengthened by a subgular sac, is said to be a kind of
loud snoring bark. The pairing time begins, according to Hensel,[82] with
the winter rainy season, especially June, and lasts several months, until
October, but it is interrupted by the cold, which in the hills of
South-Eastern Brazil covers the ponds with ice. Then the tremulous bass
voice of the males is heard no longer; they have all withdrawn beneath
stones and trees in the neighbourhood of the water. The eggs are laid in
strings. The larvae are at first quite black and very small, and the young
baby-toads are only 1 cm. in length. They differ considerably from the
adult until they are more than 1 inch long; the upper parts are yellowish
brown, with darker ocellated patches, each with a light seam, most
conspicuous along the sides of the head and back. The under parts are grey,
finely stippled with yellow.
Budgett[83] remarks that _B. marinus_ feeds on all kinds of insects. "One
half-grown specimen sitting by a man's foot picked off fifty-two mosquitoes
in the space of one minute, picking them up with the tongue as they
settled. The call of this very common toad consists of three bell-like
notes; the middle one being the highest. The enormous parotoid glands are
discharged like squirts when the creature is roughly handled. When wet
weather comes on it hops out from its hiding-place to sit in a puddle, with
its head out."
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