The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 08 (of 10)Gadow, Hans
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 08 (of 10)
Gadow, Hans
Animals
_H. versicolor_ is one of the most delicately coloured species of Eastern
North America, extending northwards into Canada. It is about 2 inches long.
Its colour passes within a short time from dark brown or olive grey to pale
delicate grey, almost white, occasionally retaining a few large darker
patches on the back, and delicate cross-bars on the limbs. A small portion
of the sides and the posterior part of the belly are bright yellow. The
skin is granular, owing to the presence of small warts which produce an
acrid secretion. It is said to be found in trees, or about old stone fences
overgrown with lichens, the colour of which it resembles to perfection. It
becomes very noisy towards the evening, in cloudy weather or before rain,
the voice consisting of a liquid note, terminating abruptly, like
"l-l-l-l-luk." My own captives fully bear out this statement of Holbrook's.
Settled motionless during the day upon a piece of bark in a shady
{195}corner, but occasionally uttering the quaint and rather faint note,
they become very lively in the evening, catching insects by long jumps, or
investigating the hollows of decaying mossy stumps. Their general colour is
then spotless, almost silvery grey. In the day-time they are sometimes
suffused with delicate green.
The propagation has been studied by Miss M. H. Hinckley.[85] They pair in
shallow pools, in Massachusetts, in May. On the 10th of that month eggs
were attached singly, and in groups, on the grasses resting upon the
surface of the water; first drab-coloured, they became lighter in a few
hours. Some larvae escaped from the gelatinous envelopes on the following
day, the others on the third day; they clung to the grasses by means of
their prominent suckers. The head and body were cream-coloured, with olive
dots, and averaged ¼ inch in length. Gills appeared on the fourth day, to
disappear again during the four following days, first those of the right,
then those of the left, side; the suckers became less conspicuous, and the
general colour turned into deep olive-green, with fine golden dots on the
upper and lower surfaces. The eyes were of a brilliant flame-colour. On the
eleventh day the suckers or "holders" had disappeared, and the hind-limbs
were indicated by small white buds. By June 5th, _i.e._ the twenty-seventh
day, the toes developed the terminal discs; the mottling of gold had given
way to a uniform olive or pea-green. Movements of the future arms beneath
the skin appeared on the 28th of June, at the age of seven weeks. The arms,
mostly the right one first, were thrust out on the 2nd of July; the fins of
the tail were absorbed rapidly, and towards the end of the seventh week the
nearly transformed creatures began to leave the water. The young frogs
changed colour rapidly, in adaptation to their surroundings, but the four
specimens which survived were never all found to be of the same colour
during the next three months. They first lived upon Aphides, later upon
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