_Chaulelasmus streperus_, the Gadwall, which breeds in East Anglia and South Spain, and is apparently spreading thence, occurs in the subarctic regions of both Worlds, and migrates to Shoa, India, China, Mexico, and Jamaica. _C. couesi_ of the Fanning group may be distinct. The head and upper neck are light brown with dusky spots; the back is blackish with grey markings, the rump black; the lower parts are white with black crescents on the breast; the wing-coverts grey, chestnut, and black. The female is dark brown varied with rufous. The speculum is white. The habits are as in most fresh-water Ducks, the eggs being buff. _Eunetta falcata_ of East Asia and Japan is a fine bird with chestnut crown, bronzy-purple cheeks, green occipital crest, white neck ringed with green, grey and black upper parts, and lower surface waved with black and white. The white-margined speculum is green, the long thin sickle-shaped inner secondaries are black and white, and a patch on each side of the tail is buff. Both upper and under tail-coverts exceed the rectrices. The female resembles that of the Gadwall, but has a black speculum. _Anas boscas_, the Mallard or Wild Duck, ranges from about the Arctic Circle to the Azores, North Africa, Cashmere, and the United States, being found southward in winter to India and Panama. The head is green with a white collar, the upper parts are grey and brown, the rump is black, the speculum purple with margins of black and white, the breast chestnut, the four curly central rectrices being black. The female is brown and buff with a green speculum. In the habits there is little that is peculiar, but the eggs are greenish. The coloration in the remaining species is usually dusky, nor do the sexes differ greatly. _A. wyvilliana_ inhabits the Hawaiian, and _A. laysanensis_ the Laysan Islands; _A. melleri_ Madagascar; _A. obscura_, with its two local forms _A. fulvigula_ and _A. maculosa_, Eastern North America; _A. diazi_ and _A. aberti_ Mexico; _A. luzonica_ the Philippines; _A. superciliosa_ the Malay Archipelago and Australian Region; _A. poccilorhyncha_, with red, yellow, and black bill, India, Ceylon, and Burma; _A. zonorhyncha_, where the bill is yellow and black and the feet reddish, Eastern Asia; _A. undulata_ and _A. sparsa_, also with yellow and black bill, but {128}black and orange feet respectively, South and East Africa; _A. specularis_, Chili and Patagonia; and _A. cristata_, with a pendent nuchal crest, America from Peru southwards. [Illustration: FIG. 34.–Sheld-Drake. _Tadorna cornuta._ × ⅐.]