_Pernis apivorus_, the Honey-Buzzard, which still breeds occasionally in Britain in June, when the dense foliage easily causes it to be overlooked, inhabits Europe generally, and probably extends to Japan, migrating in winter to Madagascar and South Africa. The extremely complex phases of plumage make it uncertain whether it shares the Indian Region with the similar but crested _P. ptilorhynchus_ (_cristatus_), from which _P. tweeddalii_, of Sumatra, is doubtfully separable. The upper parts are brown, with greyish head and three or four dark bands on the tail, the lower white with brown spots and bars. White mottlings usually shew above, and the female has the crown brown. The shortly-feathered lores distinguish _Pernis_ from _Buteo_. Our woodland species feeds upon the ground, and devours bees, wasps, and grubs–though not honey–from the comb, together with small mammals, birds, slugs, and worms; the cry is shrill, but seldom heard; the nest, composed of sticks lined with leaves, contains two or three whitish eggs with rich purplish-red or brown markings. _P. celebensis_ differs in the rufous chest, which exhibits black streaks, that are continued to the white throat with its black longitudinal band; the adult closely resembles _Limnaëtus lanceolatus_, both being peculiar to Celebes. _Henicopernis longicaudatus_, of Papuasia, is brown barred with black above, and white streaked with blackish below, {173}the tail shewing five black bands; _H. infuscatus_, of New Britain, is a darker race. _Regerhinus uncinatus_, and the larger _R. megarhynchus_, found from Central America to Bolivia and Brazil, are dusky slate-coloured with a white tail-bar; _R. wilsoni_, of Cuba, has a yellow bill; _R._ (_Leptodon_) _cayennensis_ is glossy black, with grey head, wing and tail-bands, and white lower surface. Immature birds are brown, with rufous and white streaks or bars below.