Sub-fam. 1. _Cracinae._–_Crax alector_ is black with a purplish gloss, the belly being white, the naked lores and orbits black, the cere and base of the bill yellow, the tip bluish, and the feet horn-coloured. Throughout the whole genus, which is Central and South American, the female has a curly crest barred with white. The remaining nine species differ in being greenish-black, and–except _C. fasciolata_–have a frontal knob, with or without a basal wattle on each side of the mandible, the colour of these parts varying from scarlet or yellow to pale blue or purplish-black. The tail may be tipped with white; the females often exhibit white barring above, and have the plumage relieved by buff and chestnut. _Nothocrax urumutum_, ranging from British Guiana to the Upper Amazons, is chiefly chestnut above vermiculated with black, and cinnamon below; the wings and tail being blackish with buff markings, the throat chestnut, the long crest black, the naked lores and orbits yellow and purplish, the bill scarlet, the feet flesh-coloured. The female has the lower parts mottled with dusky. _Mitua mitu_ of British Guiana, Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia is blue-black, with chestnut {197}belly, white-tipped tail, red bill and feet; the crest being well-developed. _M. tomentosa_, of the first two countries only, has a shorter crest and chestnut-tipped tail, whereas _M. salvini_ of Ecuador has a white belly. _Pauxis galeata_, the Cashew-bird, inhabiting Venezuela, Colombia, and Peru, is glossy greenish-black with white abdomen and tip to the tail; the frontal knob, supposed to resemble a Cashew nut, being dull blue. The female shows a large admixture of chestnut and buff.