The Upper Eocene of Hampshire furnishes the fossil _Geranopsis_ as well as _Grus_, the Italian Eocene _Palaeogrus_, that of Wyoming four species of _Aletornis_; Grus occurs, moreover, in the Miocene of France, the Pliocene of Attica and the United States, while _G. primigenia_ of the French and Italian Plistocene, with _G. melitensis_ of the Zebbug cave in Malta, complete the list. Fam. III. ARAMIDAE.–In this group, as in the _Psophiidae_ (p. 257), the osteology and pterylography are Crane-like, the digestive organs and style of plumage Rail-like; a link being thus formed between the two Families. The long, hard bill is slender and compressed, with slightly curved tip; the tibia is partly bare, the metatarsus scutellated. The wing has eleven primaries and some dozen secondaries. The long tongue is said to end in horny filaments, the trachea is sometimes convoluted in males, the nostrils are pervious. _Aramus pictus_, the Clucking Hen or Limpkin of the Greater Antilles, South Florida, and Central America, is chocolate-brown {257}with white flecks; the upper parts are glossed with bronzy-purple, the bill is greenish. _A. scolopaceus_, the Carau, Courlan, Lamenting Bird, or Crazy Widow, ranging from Guiana to Argentina, has only the head and neck streaked. Generally solitary or found in family-parties, these birds conceal themselves by day among reeds or damp forest-vegetation; they rise with difficulty after a preliminary run, and take low, brief flights, the legs hanging down and the wings flapping slowly, while the latter are elevated for a descent. They walk quickly and in stately fashion, limping and jerking the tail; at night they roost on trees. The resonant, melancholy wail is varied by a clucking note, or by an angry cry when breeding. The shallows of streams or marshes are diligently searched for molluscs, which the formation of the beak enables the bird easily to open or break, but small reptiles, insects, and worms are also eaten. The flat nest of herbage, placed among reeds, contains from ten to twelve white eggs, as large as those of a Turkey, clouded with pale brown and purple.[175] [Illustration: FIG. 52.–Trumpeter. _Psophia crepitans._ × ⅙.] Fam. IV. PSOPHIIDAE.–The so-called Trumpeters form a single genus of six species inhabiting tropical South America, and somewhat resemble long-necked and long-legged Fowls, the beak being gallinaceous and the tibia partly bare. The long metatarsi are scutellated in front; the wings and tail are short, the ten primaries, {258}just equalling the twelve secondaries. The nostrils are pervious. The downy nestlings are chestnut streaked with grey.