add that none of the many Indians with whom I have conversed in Patagonia have ever referred to the actual existence of animals to which we can attribute the skin in question." A rude painting in a cavern, in red ochre, seems to Dr. Moreno (whose words we have just quoted) to be somewhat suggestive of a _Glyptodon_. There are some reasons for believing that this quadruped was kept by man as a domestic creature. In the cave are two walls of rough pieces of stone which seem to have dropped down owing to the wearing away of the roof; they also seem to have been loosely piled together to form two walls, within which enclosure an imperfect skull of the animal was found. This skull shows clearly that the so-called "_Neomylodon_" must be referred to _Glossotherium_ or _Grypotherium_, as it is sometimes termed. This skull is perforated on the roof in such a way as could only have been effected (in the opinion of experts) by a weapon in the hand of a man. A hole in the skin has been even compared to a bullet-wound. But this it is perhaps unnecessary to discuss. The skin of _Glossotherium_ is, like that of other extinct "Ground-sloths" (_e.g. Mylodon_), filled with small and irregular ossicles. But in _Mylodon_, the sculptured appearance of the dermal ossicles appears to indicate that they reached the surface of the body and were covered by epidermis alone, which is not the case with the animal now under consideration. The microscopic characters of the ossicles, too, show differences in the two. _Glossotherium_ being "precisely intermediate between _Mylodon_ and the existing Armadillo (_Dasypus_)." Now _Glossotherium_ and _Mylodon_ are regarded as forms which lie between the existing Anteaters and the Sloths of the same part of the world. We have already pointed out the facts of structure which lead to this conclusion. It might therefore be reasonably surmised that the hair of _Glossotherium_ would be also intermediate, or at least like that of one of the two genera _Myrmecophaga_ and _Bradypus_. But microscopical investigation has {183} negatived this supposition. It has shown that the Armadillos are in this matter the nearest relatives of _Glossotherium_. This result is important as tending further to confirm the close interrelationship of all the American Edentates as contrasted with the Old-World forms--a matter which has already been emphasised. It is suggested, however, that the absence of under fur, which is so well developed in the Sloth, and the difference shown in transverse sections from the hair of _Myrmecophaga_, may be explained by difference in habitat. _Glossotherium_ lived under conditions similar to those under which the Armadillos live to-day. Thus the outer covering of the body became alike in the two cases, the same needs supervening in both genera.