The Pygmy Hog of the Bhotans seems to be not entitled to specific rank, certainly not to generic (in the opinion of some), though it has been termed _Porcula salvania_.[186] The Wild Boar of Europe is _Sus scrofa_. It was formerly quite abundant in this country; not merely are its remains exhumed from fens, caves and peat bogs, but there is ample evidence of its continuance down to a comparatively late historic period. Enactments are on record as to the hunting of these animals; there are places, such as Boarstall, whose names are clearly derived from the name of the animal, presumably once a native of the locality; and various documents all show the presence of the Wild Boar {277} in this country down to so late a period as the end of the sixteenth century. [Illustration] FIG. 143.--Wart Hog. _Phacochoerus aethiopicus._ x 1/6. The African Wart Hog, genus _Phacochoerus_, is usually regarded as the type of a distinct genus of Pigs. This animal, "superlatively ugly" with its huge tusks and great protuberances upon the face, is chiefly to be distinguished from the genus _Sus_ by these characters, and by the complexity of the last molar, which, with the tusks, are sometimes in aged animals the only teeth left. The complete formula is Pm 2/2 M 3/3. There are two species of this genus, _P. aethiopicus_ and _P. africanus_. When enraged the Wart Hog is said to carry its tail directly up, and to present a ludicrous as well as ferocious appearance. [Illustration] FIG. 144.--Head of Wart Hog. The Celebesian Babyroussa, genus _Babirusa_, is an almost hairless hog with enormously upturned tusks in both jaws of the {278} male. In the Wild Boar there is a hint of this, which is carried still further in _Phacochoerus_; but in _Babirusa_ the upper tusks turn upwards before they leave the substance of the jaw, for which reason they appear to arise on its dorsal surface; the lower tusks are nearly as long. It has been found that the young of this Pig are not striped as are those of other Pigs. By means of the curved upper tusks this animal has been said by old writers to suspend itself to branches of trees, just as does by his downwardly-projecting tusks the male Chevrotain! There is but one species, _B. alfurus_. From _Sus_ proper the African and Malagasy _Potamochoerus_, including the Red River Hog, is barely separable generically. Their principal claim to generic distinction lies in the existence of a horny outgrowth arising from a bony apophysis above the canine in the male. These have been compared to the osseous "horn cores" in the extinct Dinocerata. But the Javan _Sus verrucosus_ shows at least the beginning of a similar modification. The popular name of the animal is derived from the fine rufous colour of its pelage, not seen, however, in all the species. Dr. Forsyth Major[187] recognises five species, of which only one is from Madagascar. [Illustration] FIG. 145.--Peccary. _Dicotyles tajacu._ x 1/6.