The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 10 (of 10)Beddard, Frank E. (Frank Evers)
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 10 (of 10)
Beddard, Frank E. (Frank Evers)
Animals; Mammals
The next genus, _Inia_, is thus to be characterised:--Dorsal fin
rudimentary; pectorals large and ovate. Teeth, as many as thirty-two on
each side, often with an additional tubercle. Skull without large maxillary
crests; palatines not hidden by pterygoids, but divided by vomer. The
vertebrae of this genus are few in number, only forty-one in all, which are
thus distributed: C 7, D 13, L 3, Ca 18. The peculiarities of the vertebral
column are several. In the first place, as has been mentioned in the
definition of the family, all the cervicals are separate and individually
of some length. Secondly, the axis has a better trace of an odontoid
process than in any other Whale except _Platanista_, where it is even more
obvious. The lumbar region is remarkable on account of its restriction to
three vertebrae. The sternum, by what we must regard as convergence, is
somewhat like that of the Whalebone whales. It consists of one piece only,
of a roughly-oval form, to which apparently only two pairs of
(cartilaginous) sternal ribs are attached. In the fore-limb the proportions
between the humerus and the radius are more like {382} those of terrestrial
mammals; _i.e._ the humerus is distinctly the longer, the converse usually
obtaining among Whales. But _Platanista_ again agrees with _Inia_. The
teeth are remarkable for the fact that the hindermost ones of the series
have an additional lobe; they are not purely conical as are those of Whales
generally.
There is but one species, _Inia geoffrensis_, which inhabits the Amazons,
and grows to a length of 8 feet. Its colour variations are rather
extraordinary, unless they can be set down to sex, which has been denied.
Some individuals are wholly pink; others are black above and pink beneath.
This Whale is believed by the Indians to attack a man in the water, and it
is added that the _Sotalia_ of the same streams will defend him from these
attacks! Naturally, therefore, superstitious reverence attaches to this
Dolphin, which is tiresome to the naturalist who wants specimens, as
Professor Louis Agassiz found.
In the genus _Pontoporia_[263] the dorsal fin is well developed and
falcate. The teeth are very numerous, 200 in all. The ribs articulate as in
Dolphins. The skull closely resembles that of Inia, and the scapula is, as
in that genus, "normal."
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