The Campaign of Waterloo: A Military History: Third EditionRopes, John Codman
History
The Campaign of Waterloo: A Military History: Third Edition
Ropes, John Codman
Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821 -- Elba and the Hundred Days, 1814-1815; Waterloo, Battle of, Waterloo, Belgium, 1815
The Ist Corps,—Zieten’s,—which was to march by the northerly road, by
way of Ohain, to join the army of Wellington, also did not start until
nearly noon.[614] The IIId Corps, which was to be the last to leave
Wavre, was to march by way of Couture towards Planchenoit, in support
of the IVth and IId Corps. But it was to remain in Wavre, if the
enemy should show himself there in force.
These arrangements, it must be confessed, do not indicate that
determination to march with all possible speed to the support of an
ally in danger of being defeated before the promised support arrives,
which has usually been attributed to Marshal Blücher. They are so
deliberate, so tardy even, that we must seek an explanation of them.
Bülow, it is true, moved out promptly enough; but the delay of the IId
Corps in leaving Wavre is most extraordinary, under the circumstances,
considering that its commander had been informed at midnight that the
IVth Corps had been ordered to march at break of day, and that he
himself had been ordered to join that corps immediately, and follow its
line of march.[615]
It appears now, from the recent history of Von Ollech, that about 9.30
A.M. Marshal Blücher dictated a note to General Müffling, stating
that he would place himself, ill as he was, at the head of his troops
in order to attack at once the right of Napoleon’s army; and that
Gneisenau, still disposed to be cautious in trusting to the assurances
of the English general that he would accept battle at Waterloo, added a
postscript in these words:—[616]
“General Gneisenau has been informed of the contents of this letter,
but asks your Excellency to ascertain definitely whether the Duke
really has a fixed determination to fight in his present position,
or whether perhaps it is a mere demonstration, which at the best
would be very unfortunate for our army. Your Excellency will have the
kindness to obtain for me full information on this matter, as it is
of the highest importance to be thoroughly assured of what the Duke
is going to do, in order to determine our course of action.”
Ollech[617] goes on to tell us that Gneisenau was, even at this late
hour, not without his misgivings. He says that Gneisenau believed that
the Duke had left him in the lurch at Ligny. He also says that he fully
took in the exposed situation of the Prussian army, if the Anglo-Dutch
forces should fall back to Brussels,—a retreat by way of Louvain being
probably then the only thing open to the Prussians. He says, indeed,
that before an answer was received to this communication, Gneisenau had
determined to go ahead, and carry out the plan, and that between 11 and
12 in the morning Zieten had been ordered to Ohain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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