A catalogue has been preserved of the books in the castle of Peniscola on the east coast of Spain, when the anti-pope Benedict XIII. retired there in 1415. They were kept in presses (_armaria_), each of which was subdivided into a certain number of compartments (_domuncule_), each of which again contained two shelves (_ordines_)[441]. I suggest that this piece of furniture resembled, on a large scale, Le Chartrier de Bayeux, which I have already figured (fig. 26). In conclusion, I will quote a passage in which the word library designates a bookcase. It occurs in an inventory of the goods in the church of S. Christopher le Stocks, London, made in 1488: On the south side of the vestrarie standeth a grete library with ij longe lecturnalles theron to ley on the bokes[442]. I need hardly remind my readers that the French word _bibliotheque_ has the same double meaning. FOOTNOTES: [356] Catalogus Codicum Manuscriptorum Malastestianae Caesenatis bibliothecae fratrum minorum fidei custodiaeque concreditae.... Auctore Josepho Maria Mucciolo ejusdem ordinis fratre et Ravennatis coenobii alumno. 2 vols. fol. Caesenae, 1780-84. [357] These measurements were taken by myself, with a tape, in September, 1895. [358] The desk bearing a single volume shewn on this seat (fig. 93) is modern. [359] These measurements were taken by myself with a tape, in April 1898, and verified in April 1899. [360] This catalogue is in the State Archives at Modena. [361] I visited Monte Oliveto 19 April, 1899. [362] See _Ueber Mittelalterliche Bibliotheken_, v. T. Gottlieb. 8vo. 1890, p. 181. I have twice visited Assisi and examined the Catalogue here referred to. My best thanks are due to Professor Alessandri for giving me every assistance in my researches. [363] Inprimis facimus inventarium de libris in libraria publica ad bancos cathenatis in hunc modum. Et nota, quod omnia folia omnium librorum, qui sunt in isto inuentario sive per sexternos vel quinternos aut quaternos seu quemvis per alium numerum majorem vel minorem omnes quotquot sunt, nomina quaternorum tenent, ut apparet in quolibet libro in primo quaterno in margine inferiori; quare omnes sunt ante et retro de nigro et rubeo per talem figuram intus cum suo numero signati. Item lictere alphabeti, qui desuper postes ponuntur, omnes debent esse aliquantulum grosse et totaliter nigre, sicut inferius in fine cuiuslibet libri signatur. The spots round this figure are alternately black and red. [364] Ducange s. v. _solarium_ shews that occasionally it =_armarium_. [365] I have to thank Father C. J. Ehrle, _S. J._, Prefect of the Vatican Library, for the very great kindness with which he has assisted me in these researches during three visits to Rome in 1898, 1899, 1900; and also the officials who allowed me to examine parts of the palace not usually accessible to strangers.