Augustus, in armour, with imperial mantle, crown and sceptre, stands left of centre. An old man seated at his feet is writing from his dictation. Left of the Emperor are five desks; with five closed books lying on the top of each. These desks are very probably intended to represent those of the Vatican Library as arranged by Sixtus IV. Two men, crowned with laurel, are standing behind the last desk, conversing. Behind them again is a book-case of three shelves between a pair of columns. Books are lying on their sides on these shelves. Beneath the shelves is a desk, with books open upon it, and others on their sides beneath it. VIII. BIBLIOTHECA HIEROSOLIMITANA. _Alexander, Bishop and Martyr, collects a library at Jerusalem._ S. Alexander Episc. et Mart. Decio Imp. in magna temporum acerbitate sacrorum scriptorum libros Hierosolymis congregat. A picture full of movement, occupying the whole space between two windows. The saint is in the centre of the picture, seated. Young men are bringing in the books, and placing them on shelves. IX. BIBLIOTHECA CAESARIENSIS. _Pamphilus, Priest and Martyr, collects a library at Caesarea._ S. Pamphilus Presb. et Mart. admirandae sanctitatis et doctrinae Caesareae sacram bibliothecam conficit multos libros sua manu describit. Pamphilus, in centre of picture, is giving orders to porters who are bringing in a basket of books. On his left a large table at which a scribe is writing. S. Jerome, seated in right corner of picture, is apparently dictating to the scribe. Behind them is a large book-case on the shelves of which books lie on their sides; others are being laid on the top by a man standing on a ladder. In the left of the picture is a table covered with a green cloth, on which book-binders are at work. In front of this table a carpenter is preparing boards. In background, seen through a large window, is a view of Caesarea. X. BIBLIOTHECA APOSTOLORUM. _S. Peter orders the safe-keeping of books._ S. Petrus sacrorum librorum thesaurum in Romana ecclesia perpetuo asservari jubet. S. Peter is standing before an altar on which are books and a cross. In front doctors are writing at a low table. [A small picture between window and west wall.] XI. BIBLIOTHECA PONTIFICUM. _The successors of S. Peter carry on the library-tradition._ Romani pontifices apostolicam bibliothecam magno studio amplificant atque illustrant. A pope, his left hand resting on a book, is earnestly conversing with a cardinal, whose back is half turned to the spectator. Another pope, with three aged men, in background. [A small picture on west wall.] We will now return to the east end of the room, and take the representations of Councils, painted on the east and north walls, in chronological order. I. II. CONCILIUM NICAENUM I. (On east wall.) _The first Council held at Nicaea_, A.D. 325.