Of the deaths from causes arising after birth, 52 were attributed by the attending physicians to diarrhoea and enteritis, 50 to respiratory diseases; and 44 to some other or to some ill-defined cause. TABLE 18.—DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS DURING FIRST YEAR AND INFANT MORTALITY RATE, ACCORDING TO CAUSE OF DEATH AND NATIVITY OF MOTHER. ═════════════════╤═════════════════════════════════════════════════════ CAUSE OF DEATH. │ DEATHS DURING FIRST YEAR OF BABIES OF— ─────────────────┼─────────────────┬─────────────────┬───────────────── │ All mothers. │ Native mothers. │Foreign mothers. ─────────────────┼───────┬─────────┼───────┬─────────┼───────┬───────── │ │ Infant │ │ Infant │ │ Infant │Number.│mortality│Number.│mortality│Number.│mortality │ │ rate. │ │ rate. │ │ rate. ─────────────────┼───────┼─────────┼───────┼─────────┼───────┼───────── All causes │ 196│ 134.0│ 85│ 104.3│ 111│ 171.3 ═════════════════╪═══════╪═════════╪═══════╪═════════╪═══════╪═════════ Diarrhea and │ 52│ 35.5│ 17│ 20.9│ 35│ 54.0 enteritis │ │ │ │ │ │ Respiratory │ 50│ 34.2│ 19│ 23.3│ 31│ 47.8 diseases │ │ │ │ │ │ Premature births │ 24│ 16.4│ 11│ 13.5│ 13│ 20.1 Congenital │ │ │ │ │ │ debility or │ 19│ 12.9│ 5│ 6.1│ 14│ 21.6 malformation │ │ │ │ │ │ Injuries at birth│ 7│ 4.8│ 6│ 7.4│ 1│ 1.5 Other causes or │ 44│ 30.1│ 27│ 33.1│ 17│ 26.2 not reported │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────────┴───────┴─────────┴───────┴─────────┴───────┴───────── The latest census report on mortality statistics characterizes diarrhoea and enteritis as the “most important preventable cause of infant mortality” in the United States, and numerically at least it proves to be the most important cause of infant death in Johnstown. Holt[23] says that one of the most striking facts about diarrheal diseases in infants is their prevalence during the summer season. In Johnstown the infant diarrheal deaths were least prevalent in the first quarter of the year, next in the second, next prevalent in the fourth, and most prevalent in the third or summer quarter. Footnote 23: The Diseases of Infancy and Childhood, by L. Emmett Holt. p. 345. New York, 1912. TABLE 19.—DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS, ACCORDING TO CAUSE OF DEATH AND QUARTER OF CALENDAR YEAR IN WHICH DEATH OCCURRED.