The Catacombs of Rome, and Their Testimony Relative to Primitive ChristianityWithrow, W. H. (William Henry)
History
The Catacombs of Rome, and Their Testimony Relative to Primitive Christianity
Withrow, W. H. (William Henry)
Catacombs -- Italy -- Rome; Church history -- Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600
The _arcosolium_ to which this is attached contains the remarkable
paintings represented in the accompanying engraving.[344] The first
picture to the left represents the death of Vibia, wife of Vincentius,
and is labeled ABREPTIO · VIBIES · ET · DESCENSIO. She is depicted as
being borne off by Pluto, to indicate that her death was premature.
The god is standing upright in his _quadriga_, conducted by Mercury
and holding in his arms the form of Vibia. In the original picture,
issuing from an urn at the foot of Mercury, is seen the river Acheron,
by which Pluto is about to descend to the infernal regions, as
indicated by the word DESCENSIO.
[Illustration: Fig. 31.--Perspective of Interior of Vault, with 216
Pagan Paintings.]
At the top of the vault is represented the judgment of Vibia at the
tribunal of Pluto. The god is seated on his throne, with his wife
Proserpine, and over their heads are written the words DISPATER and
ABRACVRA--titles of the deities. To the right of the throne we see 217
three fates--FATA · DIVINA--and to the left Vibia preceded by
Mercury--MERCVRIVS · NVNTIVS--and accompanied by Alcestis, the heroine
of conjugal love. The figures all have their names written above their
heads.
The principal painting of the series, that in the tympanum of the
arch, represents the introduction of Vibia to the banquet of the
blessed. This is shown in the left hand corner of the picture, and is
designated INDVCTIO · VIBIES. She is introduced by a youthful figure
crowned with flowers, and holding in his hand a floral wreath. His
name--ANGELVS · BONVS--the good messenger--is perhaps less an
indication of Christian influence than of the Greek and Oriental ideas
which have presided over the whole of these scenes. Vibia next appears
seated at the banquet in the midst of those who have been judged
worthy of the recompense of the good--BONORVM · IVDICIO · IVDICATI.
They are ranged around a crescent-shaped table formed of cushions, and
wear festive crowns upon their heads. In the foreground are seen the
servants.
The fourth scene, to the extreme right of the vault, represents the
funeral banquet in honor of Vibia. It is given by her husband
Vincentius, who is designated by name, to the priests of Sebasis, over
whose heads are written the words, SEPTE · PII · SACERDOTES. All these
paintings, not only by their inscriptions, but by their conception and
treatment, demonstrate their pagan origin. They are not in any sense
or degree Christian; nor is there any reason to infer, as has been
asserted, that they are of Gnostic execution, but decidedly the
reverse.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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