The Catacombs of Rome, and Their Testimony Relative to Primitive ChristianityWithrow, W. H. (William Henry)
History
The Catacombs of Rome, and Their Testimony Relative to Primitive Christianity
Withrow, W. H. (William Henry)
Catacombs -- Italy -- Rome; Church history -- Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600
Read: _Elia Vincentia. qui vixit an ... et mesis II, cum
Virginis que vixit annu diem._
Elia Vincentia, who lived ... years and two months, and lived
with Virginius a year and a day.
Most of the early epitaphs are of touching brevity and simplicity.
Frequently only a single word, the name given in baptism, is recorded
on the tomb, as in Fig. 127, which exhibits also the Christian symbols
of the monogram, cross, and palm.
[Illustration: Fig. 127.--“Cassta.” (_sic._)] 405
In Fig. 128 the names of three individuals appear on the same slab,
which is recognizable as Christian only by the symbol of the Good
Shepherd:
[Illustration: Fig. 128.--“Septimina, Aurelius, Galymedes.”]
Frequently the phrase IN PACE, or DORMIT IN PACE, is added, in
attestation of the Christian faith of the deceased, (see Figs.
122-124;) or, more briefly still, the word LOCVS is prefixed, as LOCVS
PRIMI--“The place of Primus,”[676] as if descriptive of the last long
home, the house appointed for all living.
The later inscriptions are frequently far removed from this naive
simplicity, being inflated in style and elaborate in execution,
attesting the increased wealth and growing pride of the Christian
community. Of these we shall hereafter have frequent examples. One
very remarkable series is that executed, under the direction of
Pope Damasus, in the latter part of the fourth century. He composed 406
numerous metrical epitaphs in honour of the martyrs, which were
engraved in marble in a singularly elegant decorated character,
designed by his secretary, Furius Dionysius Filocalus, who was also an
accomplished artist. Hence the letters of these Damasine inscriptions
are as distinct a characteristic in early Christian epigraphy as the
celebrated Aldine type in the bibliography of the revival of learning.
There are few of the Catacombs where these inscriptions have not been
found; and De Rossi has been enabled thereby to reconstruct some
valuable historical monuments from a few fragments, just as a skilful
anatomist will reconstruct a skeleton from a portion of the vertebræ.
Some of the most important of these have already been given; others
will hereafter occur. The Latinity is often of a school-boy
mediocrity; but they are of great value as determining the identity
and elucidating the history of many important Christian tombs.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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