The Catholic World, Vol. 19, April 1874‐September 1874Various
Religion
The Catholic World, Vol. 19, April 1874‐September 1874
Various
Catholic Church -- Periodicals
Let us return to our supposition of two stations north and south, 6,000
miles apart. The two lines of transit, as seen from them, are separated
about 35 of an arc. This is as the lines are seen from the earth. If we
recur to Kepler’s proportion, as stated before—that the distance of the
earth from the sun is to the distance of Venus from the sun as 10,000,000
is to 7,233,324—we can make use of a trigonometrical calculation, and
easily ascertain that those same lines on the sun, seen by an observer on
Venus, would appear about 48‐½" apart. Moreover, the lines from the sun to
Venus, forming this angle, cross each other at the planet, and, if
prolonged, will reach the two stations on the earth. Hence, since opposite
interior angles are equal, this (48‐½") must be the angle at which the
same observer on Venus, turning towards the earth, would see the two
stations. We arrive thus at a triangle, in which the base is known—6,000
miles; the angle at the vertex on Venus is also known—48‐½"; and the
angles at the base are easily ascertainable. A simple calculation leads to
the distance of Venus from the earth—about 25,300,000 miles. Again,
applying Kepler’s formula to this number, we obtain as the result, for the
earth’s distance from the sun, about 91,450,000 miles. If we give here
only rough approximations, we are, after all, as near the truth as the
astronomers of to‐day can boast of being. In a minute calculation,
subsidiary but important points are to be brought in, complicating the
calculation and influencing the result.
After this statement of the general character of Halley’s method, we may
be brief in our notice of the yet more beautiful mode of Delisle. He
proposed it before the transits of the last century. But its efficiency so
entirely depends on an accurate knowledge of the longitudes of the
stations, and the longitudes of distant stations were then so uncertain,
that it could not then be used with success.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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