The _Encyclical_ and _Syllabus_ of 1864 have been treated by Mr. Gladstone in the same loose, careless, and unfair way as he treated the Vatican decrees. He promised, at page 15 of his _Expostulation_, to “state, in the fewest possible words and with references, a few propositions, all the holders of which have been _condemned_ [the italics are Mr. Gladstone’s] by the See of Rome during my own generation, and especially within the last twelve or fifteen years. And in order,” so proceeds Mr. Gladstone, “that I may do nothing towards importing passion into what is matter of pure argument, I will avoid citing any of the fearfully energetic epithets in which the condemnations are sometimes clothed.” The references here given by Mr. Gladstone are to the Encyclical letter of Pope Gregory XVI. in 1831--a date, it may be noticed, rather more ancient than “the last twelve or fifteen years”--and to the following documents, which at page 16 of his pamphlet are thus detailed: The Encyclical “of Pope Pius IX., in 1864”; “Encyclical of Pius IX., December 8, 1864”; “Syllabus of March 18, 1861”; and the “Syllabus of Pope Pius IX., March 8, 1861.” Here are apparently five documents deliberately referred to, the first an Encyclical of Gregory XVI.; the second an Encyclical of Pius IX., in 1864; the third another Encyclical of Pius IX., dated December 8, 1864; the fourth a Syllabus of March 18th, 1861; and the fifth another Syllabus of the 8th of March, 1861. Yet these apparently five documents, to which reference is made by Mr. Gladstone with so much seeming particularity and exactitude of dates, are in reality two documents only, and have but one date--namely, the 8th of December, 1864--on which day the _Encyclical_, with the _Syllabus_ attached, was published by Pius IX. At page 67 of his pamphlet Mr. Gladstone “cites his originals,” and curiously enough, by a printer’s error, assigns the Encyclical of Gregory XVI. to Gregory XIV. But he cites from two sources only--namely, the _Encyclical_ and _Syllabus_ of 1864. That Encyclical contains a quotation from an Encyclical of Gregory XVI., which and the _Syllabus_ are positively the only documents actually cited. By a series of blunders, all of which cannot be charged to the printer--and in a work which has arrived at the “sixteenth thousand” edition printers’ errors are hardly allowable--the two documents, with their one date, have been made to do duty for five documents, ascribed gravely to as many different dates!