The Celtic Christianity of Cornwall: Divers Sketches and StudiesTaylor, Thomas
History
The Celtic Christianity of Cornwall: Divers Sketches and Studies
Taylor, Thomas
Cornwall (England : County) -- Church history
From the foregoing abstracts from the _Itinerary_ two conclusions appear
to be inevitable. In the first place, whether of design or by
inadvertence, the name Mons Tumba which had been exclusively used of the
Norman Mount came to be also applied to the Cornish Mount and, in the
second place, the associations of the former came to be adopted by the
latter. The postscript to the Count of Mortain’s charter and the newly
discovered indulgence mentioned by William, the one an almost verbatim
copy of the other, probably bear witness to a fact, namely, that an
indulgence was actually granted by Pope Gregory, but that it was granted
not to St. Michael’s Mount but to Mont St. Michel. When once the
indulgence had been appropriated by the Cornish house it became
necessary to account for the allusions contained in it. The ecclesia
quae ministerio angelico creditur et comprobatur consecrari et
sanctificari demanded some point d’appui, and this could only be
obtained by increasing the number of apparitions vouchsafed by St.
Michael.
The three apparitions generally accepted by Western Christendom, viz.
the appearance in the fifth century to Garganus, that in the sixth
century to St. Gregory at Rome, and that in the eighth century (A.D.
706) to St. Aubert, bishop of Avranches (probably identical with the
apparicio in ierarchiis nostrorum angelorum), were supplemented by an
appearance (A.D. 710) in Tumba in Cornwall. It is impossible to say when
this claim was formulated, whether before or after the expulsion of the
Benedictines in the fifteenth century. The object was evidently to
stimulate pilgrimages, concerning which, however, very little is
recorded. Norden, writing in 1584, states that the Mount “hath bene
muche resorted unto by Pylgrims in devotion to St. Michaell whose chayre
is fabled to be in the Mount, on the south syde, of verie Daungerous
access.”
When William of Worcester visited the Mount the priory was in possession
of Augustinian nuns known as Bridgettines. Of them William says nothing.
So long as it was Benedictine and under the control of the abbot of Mont
St. Michel, successive Kings of England felt constrained, on the
declaration of war with France, to take it into their own hands and to
administer its preferment. From 1337 onwards the rolls contain numerous
entries dealing with the patronage of alien priories. During his war
with France Henry IV required the prior of St. Michael’s Mount to hold
the priory at farm for a yearly rent of £10. Henry V, having founded the
abbey of Syon in Middlesex, transferred the priory to it, the provost
and scholars of the college of St. Mary and St. Nicholas at Cambridge,
to whom an earlier grant of it seems to have been made, surrendering all
their rights in 1462.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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