Vergerio wrote (in Italian) an analysis pointing out the ignorance, and occasional impiety, of which this catalogue gave evidence. He speaks of it as “the first monster of the kind which had appeared in Italy,” a statement which ignores an edition said to have been printed in Venice in 1543.[115] In 1552, the catalogue was reprinted in Florence with some additional titles and with correction of certain of the errors previously pointed out by Vergerio. Concerning this catalogue, also, Vergerio printed a criticism as a result of which a third edition with further revisions was published in 1554, in Milan. In the same year, a fourth edition was issued in Venice, the many blunders in which (Vergerio uses the terms “folly” and “madness” of the compilers) provoked the commentator to a new exposure which was printed in Latin. Vergerio points out the omission from the lists of obscene books and of books of magic, etc. In the former class ought, as he claims, to have been included a work by Casa himself, _Capitolo del Forno_. This Index of Casa has importance, notwithstanding its slightness and bad workmanship, as well because the responsibility for its production rested with Paul III, as because its lists, imperfect as they were, are in part reproduced, errors included, in the Index of Paul IV. It would have been impossible to present any account of the work of these earlier Italian Index-makers except for the scholarly and critical labours of Vergerio, who charged himself with the duty of recording and of characterising these first efforts of the Church to supervise the literature of the time and to control the output of the printing-presses. Peter Paul Vergerio had been papal Nuncio to Germany in 1530, and Bishop of Capo d’Istria in 1536. He became, in 1544, a convert to Protestantism, and in 1553 was a preacher in Tübingen, where the greater part of his later literary work was done. His collected works were printed in Tübingen in 1563. What is possibly the first recorded list of heresiarchs is given in a catalogue compiled under the instructions of the Archbishop of Benevento and printed in Venice in the year 1549. It is printed under the title of _Il catalogo de’ Libri, li quali nuovamente nel mese di maggio ... sono stati condannati et scommunicati per heretici_. The catalogue is known through the reissue by Vergerio, printed at Strasburg in 1553. _Heresiarchs, as recorded in 1549._ (The names are printed partly in the nominative and partly in the genitive of the Latin form.)