authorities (in Spain usually the local inquisitors) in order that the nature of the caution or correction may be duly specified. The fourteen rules (based upon the Ten Rules of Trent) follow pretty closely the text of the Rules of Quiroga. Rule X presents a general prohibition of all anonymous books and of all books not bearing the name of the printer, which have been issued since 1584. Sandoval’s editors follow the Roman model in placing their lists under three classes. Works which, condemned in their original form, are to be permitted after an expurgation, are specified in the original list with a star, and the titles are repeated in the second division, the _Index expurgatorius_. The second and third classes present in separate alphabets the titles of Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, French, Flemish, and German publications. In Class I, the only Spanish names are Constantino de la Fuente and Joan Auentrote. In this class is placed also Erasmus, with the memorandum that all of his writings are prohibited as printed in the vernacular. A similar specification is made in connection with the names, given in the same class, of Petrus Ramus and of Macchiavelli. The chief editor of the Index presents, after the classified lists, a “notice to the reader” in which he says: “The writings of authors who have been condemned, in so far as these do not have to do with matters of religion, can be made available for the use of the faithful through a thorough expurgation. Even in the writings of orthodox scholars, whose zeal and service in behalf of the Catholic religion deserve the highest praise, are to be found certain errors of statement and expressions liable to misconstruction, which, if left uncorrected, would be likely to work mischief. In other cases, writings of Christian authors, whose work was well-suited for the time and the special conditions under which they wrote, have in these later times come into controversy. The result of their consideration by the scholars of later date has been to show the necessity of some revision or reshaping of the earlier text, in order to prevent these works of repute from exerting an evil influence on later generations.” “The compilers of this Index have undertaken the expurgation of more than three hundred works, among which are included certain books that have secured a very wide circulation. Certain further important expurgations are in train, and in collaborating in such work, devout scholars can be of noteworthy service to the Inquisition.”