The censorship of the Church of Rome and its influence upon the production and distribution of literature, volume 1 (of 2)Putnam, George Haven
History
The censorship of the Church of Rome and its influence upon the production and distribution of literature, volume 1 (of 2)
Putnam, George Haven
Freedom of the press; Liberty of conscience; Prohibited books
In 1667, was published, either at Lyons or Geneva, a reprint of the
text as revised by Fanus, but with the addition of the Clementine
lists and of the series of decrees. The latter are brought down to
1667. Fanus says of his edition that it is more comprehensive and more
correct than that of 1664. It is not clear, however, from what sources
his additional titles are taken. The division into three classes is
abandoned; but he points out that there is no difficulty in identifying
to which class an entry belongs. The name of an author, for instance,
not followed by any book-title indicates Class I; the title of a book
without name of author indicates Class III; while the author’s name
connected with title stands for Class II, which constitutes the bulk
of the Index. Fanus has some idea of bibliographical method. He makes
cross-references for authors who in previous Indexes are presented
sometimes under a forename and sometimes under a surname, the latter
being frequently of course derived from the place of residence. The
Index contains an “Address to the Reader” by Fr. Hyacinthus Libellus,
Fanus’s predecessor. In this address, the Secretary takes the ground
that all other Indexes are to be considered as “private” (_i. e._
unofficial).
The first list in the series covers 160 pages. The second list presents
exclusively books the title of which is followed by the name of the
author. The third list is confined to books the title of which follows
the name of the author. Then follows an appendix covering titles from
1661 to 1664, and this is followed by the text of the Tridentine Index,
to which is prefixed an _Admonition_ by Libellus giving the origin
and the history of that Index. Libellus affirms that the deputation of
the Index, originally instituted by Pius IV, was matured into a formal
congregation by Pius V.
The concluding division is entitled: _Index Decretorum_. This is
said to present _Omnia Decreta quae vel a Magistro Sac. Palatiti, cum
ratione Officii siu, tum Jussu Sac. Congregationis, vel ab ipsis Sacris
Congregationibus Indicis, et S. Officii emanuerunt_.
This Index of 1664 is noteworthy as containing the formal condemnation
of the works of Copernicus and Galileo, and of all other writings
which affirmed the movement of the earth and the stability of the sun.
The proceedings against Galileo and the Copernican doctrine had been
instituted in 1616 under Paul V. The final condemnation of Galileo was
given in 1633, under Urban VIII.
=The Condemnation of Galileo, and of the Copernican Theory of the
Solar System.=--The fourteenth and twentyeighth of the decrees
summarised in the Index of 1664 present the record of the condemnation
of Galileo. The records of the long series of the proceedings, upon
which the final condemnation of Galileo was based, constitute a
considerable mass of literature. It is necessary here to make reference
only to the more essential conclusions arrived at by the Church
authorities.
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