_1558._ _Queen Mary_, in a proclamation issued in this (the last) year of her reign, orders put into force the provisions of the _Bulla Coenae_ and of the Fifth Lateran Council, and declares that all persons shall be treated as rebels and punished under the penalties of martial law who distribute or possess copies of godless or heretical books, such as have been wrongfully brought in from foreign lands. With the death of the Queen, later in the same year, these orders were revoked by Elizabeth. The author whose name appears most frequently in these English Indexes is William Tyndale (alias Hichins). His translation of the New Testament was first printed in Cologne in 1525, and was reissued later in a great number of editions. In 1563 was issued under the title of _The Acts and Monuments of the Church_ a book generally known as Fox’s _Book of Martyrs_. This work exercised probably a larger influence than any book of the century in completing the conversion of England from Romanism to Protestantism, an influence which continued through the following centuries. _1564._ _Queen Elizabeth_ instructs the Bishop of London to cause thorough examinations to be made of the cargoes of incoming ships, and to confiscate and destroy copies of slanderous and seditious books.[59] _1586._ _Whitgift, Archbishop of Canterbury_, authorises a bookseller named Ascanius de Renialme to import copies of certain popish books, with the restriction that these copies are to be carefully reserved for the use of the Archbishop himself and of the members of the Privy Council. It is to be noted that the censorship control in England over the productions of the press and the importation and sale of books was from the outset exercised under the direct authority of the Crown. The bishops were utilised for counsel and also, through the parish organisation of their dioceses, for the enforcement of the censorship and of the penalties. A little later, the machinery of the Stationers’ Company, to which was given the practical control of the printing-press, was employed for carrying out the policy of the Crown in the restriction of the works printed and for enforcing the regulations against delinquents. It is probable that these censorship regulations of the English Crown were carried out more effectively than was found possible for the similar regulations of the Church in France, in Germany, or in Italy. In Spain alone did the Church succeed in securing and for centuries in maintaining an absolute control over printing, publishing, and book-distribution.