The Chaldean account of Genesis : $b Containing the description of the creation, the fall of man, the deluge, the tower of Babel, the times of the patriarchsSmith, George
Religion
The Chaldean account of Genesis : $b Containing the description of the creation, the fall of man, the deluge, the tower of Babel, the times of the patriarchs
Positive discrepancies, however, occur between the two records.
Thus they differ as regards the size of the ark. According to the
cuneiform account, its length and breadth were in the proportion of
ten to one and the height and breadth were the same; but the Bible
makes the proportion as six to one, and describes the height as being
thirty cubits and the breadth fifty. The version of the story given by
Berosus, on the other hand, agrees in this matter neither with Genesis
nor with the tablet from Erech. It measures the ark by stadia and not
by cubits, makes the proportion of its length and breadth as five to
two, and says nothing of the height.
Another difference may be found in the description of the patriarch
who escapes the Flood. Xisuthrus is a king who enters the ark with
his servants, people, and pilot, while in the Bible only Noah and his
family are saved. So, too, no reference is made in the Babylonian
account to the distinction between the clean and unclean animals
mentioned by the Jehovist, though seven was a sacred number among the
Babylonians. The most remarkable difference, however, between the
two accounts is with respect to the duration of the Deluge. On this
point the inscription gives seven days for the Flood, and seven days
for the resting of the ark on the mountain, while the Elohist puts
the commencement of the Flood on the 17th day of the second month
(Marchesvan) and its termination on the 27th day of the second month
in the following year, making a total duration of one lunar year and
eleven days. This exactly accords with the climatic conditions of
Babylonia, where the rains begin at the end of November. The Euphrates
and Tigris then begin to rise, the country is inundated in March, the
seventh month of the Hebrew narrative, and from the end of May onwards
the waters go down. According to the Jehovist, however, the Deluge is
announced to Noah only seven days before it takes place; the waters are
at their height for forty days and then decrease during another forty
days, after which the patriarch sends out the birds at intervals of
seven days, so that it was not till twenty-one days after he has first
opened the window that he finally leaves the ark. This is in practical
agreement with the cuneiform account, since seven was a sacred number
among the Babylonians just as forty is in the Old Testament. As M.
Lenormant points out, the date of the 15th of Dæsius (or May) given
by Berosus must be due to a scribe’s error, since this would place
the Flood at a time when the waters were going down. There is again
a difference as to the mountain on which the ark rested; Nizir, the
place mentioned in the cuneiform text, being east of Assyria, and
its mountain, also called “the mountain of the world” where the gods
were supposed to dwell, being the present peak of Elwend, while the
mountains of Ararat mentioned in the Bible were north of Assyria, near
Lake Van. It is evident that different traditions have placed the
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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