The Chautauquan, Vol. 04, December 1883Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle
History
The Chautauquan, Vol. 04, December 1883
Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle
Chautauqua Institution -- Periodicals; Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle -- Periodicals
Owing to the manner in which the squirrel disperses his treasures, we can
not tell the amount of the store required by each animal, but in Northern
America we find one which gives the needful information. This is the
chipping squirrel, chipmunk, so called from its cry. Its scientific name
is _Tamias Lysteri_.
It is a little creature not larger than a two-thirds grown rat, and is
very conspicuous on account of the black and yellow stripes which run
along its back. Being a creature which leads a subterranean life for the
greatest part of its time, it does not possess the bushy tail of the
tree-inhabiting squirrels.
Its underground habitation is a most elaborate composition of galleries
and chambers, so that there is plenty of space for storage. Audubon once
dug up a nest inhabited by four chipping squirrels, and found in it two
pecks of acorns, a quart of large nuts, rather more than two quarts of
buckwheat, besides about half a pint of grass seeds and ordinary wheat.
Considering that the animals would pass the greater portion of the winter
months in lethargy, and would only eat at long intervals, the amount of
food is really surprising.
In former days, when the red men were supreme and depended solely on
hunting for their food, many a tribe has been saved from extermination
for want of food in the winter time by digging up the nests of the
chipping squirrel, and eating the inhabitants as well as their stores.
In the dormouse we have another instance of hibernation brought into
contact with man.
This pretty little creature, which is too familiar to need description,
possesses in a great degree the power of becoming fat toward the end of
autumn. The ancient Romans were well aware of this fact, and had regular
establishments called “gliraria” for the express purpose of fattening
dormice for the table.
The dormouse makes a singularly comfortable nest for itself. It is nearly
spherical and is composed externally of grass blades woven together
in a very ingenious manner. The animal only leaves a small aperture,
concealed by grass blades which can be pulled asunder when the inmate
enters or leaves the nest, and which resume their position like the folds
of a drawn curtain. I once had a remarkably fine specimen of a dormouse
nest which was cut out of a hedge. The curtain of grass blades was so
admirably formed that it could seldom be detected by any one who did not
know the specimen.
Around, but not in this nest, the dormouse places its store of winter
food, which is much of the same nature as that of the squirrel, and
mostly consists of nuts. For this reason the Germans call the creature by
the appropriate name of hazelmaus.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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