19. Q. When Vespasian ascended the throne what political change did he make? A. He reduced the country again to a Roman province. 20. Q. During the reign of Vespasian what action was taken in regard to the Greek philosophers? A. Nearly all the Greek philosophers were banished from Rome. 21. Q. How did Trajan prove to be one of the greatest benefactors of the Hellenic nation? A. He sent Maximus to Hellas as plenipotentiary and reorganizer of the free Hellenic cities, with instructions to honor the gods and ancient renown of the nation, and revere the sacred antiquity of the cities. 22. Q. What was Hadrian’s treatment of Hellas? A. He visited Athens five times; sought to ameliorate the condition of the people, and adorned Athens and other cities with temples and buildings. 23. Q. What political rights did he give the Hellenes? A. The rights of Roman citizenship. 24. Q. During the reigns of what two Roman emperors did Hellas pre-eminently flourish? A. The Emperors Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius. 25. Q. Notwithstanding the benefits received from the Roman emperors what did Hellas continue to do? A. To wither and decline. 26. Q. During the latter part of the third century what destructive invasion of Hellas took place? A. The invasion of the Goths and other northern barbarians, who overran the country like a deluge, depopulating cities and destroying everything in their path. 27. Q. What relation does our author give Hellenism to Christianity? A. He makes it the first herald of Christianity. 28. Q. Who was the first Roman emperor that issued a decree in favor of Christianity? A. Constantine the Great. 29. Q. What discussions led Constantine to the convocation of the first General Council of the Christian Church, which assembled at Nice in A. D. 325? A. The discussions of Arianism, or opinions concerning the nature of the second person of the Trinity. 30. Q. Who was the most noted opponent of Arianism? A. Athanasius. 31. Q. What city did Constantine dedicate as the capital of his empire? A. Constantinople. 32. Q. During the general slaughter of the relatives of Constantine that took place after his death, what cousin of his escaped and was assigned to the city of Athens for his place of habitation? A. Julian. 33. Q. By comparing the present with the past, to what conclusion did Julian arrive as to the cause of the decline of the empire? A. That Christianity was the cause of the decline, or was not adapted to prevent the demoralization of the empire; that the change of affairs resulted from the debasement of the ancient religion and life, and that the reformation of the world could only be accomplished through their reëstablishment. 34. Q. By what class of philosophers was Julian sustained in his views? A. By the Neapolitanists. 35. Q. After Julian was recognized as emperor what was his main object on entering Constantinople? A. The restoration of the ancient religion.