1. Any vowel at the end of an accented syllable, and _e_, _o_, and _u_, at the end of an unaccented syllable, have the long English sound. 2. _A_, ending an unaccented syllable, has the sound of _a_ in _father_, or in _last_. 3. _I_, ending a final syllable, has the long sound. At the end of an initial unaccented syllable it varies between _i_ long and _i_ short (like _i_ in _pin_). In all other cases _i_, ending an unaccented syllable, is short. 4. _Y_ is like _i_ in the same situation. 5. _Æ_ and _æ_ like _e_ in the same situation. 6. If a syllable end in a consonant the vowel has the short English sound. 7. _E_, in final _es_, like _e_ in Andes. RULES FOR CONSONANTS. 1. _C_, before _e_, _i_, _y_, _æ_, _œ_, is pronounced like _s_; before _a_, _o_, and _u_, and before consonants, like _k_. 2. _G_, before _e_, _i_, _y_, _æ_, and _œ_, or another _g_ followed by _e_, has the sound of _j_; before _a_, _o_ and _u_, and consonants other than _g_, the hard sound. 3. _Ch_ is like _k_, but is silent before a mute at the beginning of a word. 4. Initial _x_ is like _z_. 5. _T_, _s_, and _c_, before _ia_, _ie_, _ii_, _io_, _iv_, and _ev_, preceded immediately by the accent, change into _sh_ and _zh_; but when the _t_ follows _s_, _t_, or _z_, or when the accent falls on the first of the vowels following, the consonant preserves its pure sound. 6. Initial _ph_, before a mute, is silent. P. 1—“Autonomy,” au-tŏn´o-my. The word is formed from the Greek words for _law_ and _self_ and means a law unto one’s self, or self-government. P. 1—“Koroneia” or Coronea, cor=´=o-ni´a. P. 2—“Antalkidas,” an-tal´ci-das. P. 2—“Phœbidas,” phœb´i-das. A Lacedæmonian of whom nothing of importance is known save his part in the seizure of Thebes. Phœbidas was slain in battle by the Thebans in 378. P. 2—“Leontiades,” le-on-ti´a-des; “Ismenias,” is-me´ni-as; “Pelopidas,” pe-lop´i-das; “Mellon,” mel´lon; “Charon,” ka´ron; “Gorgias,” gor´gi-as; “The´o-pom´pus.” P. 3—“Hegemony,” he-gĕm´o-ny. Leadership. Formed from the Greek word for guide or leader. P. 3—“Polymnis,” po-lym´nis. P. 3—“Sparti,” spar´ti; the sown-men. The dragon from which these ancestors of the Theban patricians sprung guarded a well near the site of the Cadmeia. The men whom Cadmus had sent there to draw water had been killed by the monster, and in return Cadmus had slain it, sowing its teeth as Minerva advised. Fearing the armed men which sprang forth he caused a quarrel among them, in which all but five were slain. P. 3—“Kadmus,” cad´mus. The mythical founder of Thebes, the son of a king of Phœnicia and the brother of Europa. P. 3—“Simmias,” sim´mi-as. The two principal speakers, besides Socrates, in Plato’s “Phædon” are Simmias and his brother. P. 3—“Tarentine,” ta-ren´tine; “Spin´tha-rus.” P. 3—“Grote.” (1794-1871.) An English historian, famous chiefly for his History of Greece.