This variety probably originated with Van Mons in Belgium about 1790. It was received by Truchsess a little later as a French sort under the name Bigarreau Violet. Fruit large, elongated-cordate, sides compressed; suture very distinct dividing the fruit into halves; stem very long, more deeply inserted in unripe fruits; skin firm but not tough, yellowish, overspread with dark red, verging to violet; flesh yellowish, firm, juicy; quality excellent; stone free, small, roundish-oval; apex acutely pointed; ripens the middle of June. =Duraccia.= _P. avium._ =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 292. 1893. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 175. 1895. E. E. Goodrich, Santa Clara, California, received cions of this variety from Lucca, Italy, thinking it to be the famous "Pistojese" used extensively in Italy for brandying. Fruit above medium in size, cordate; stem long, slender, set in a large, deep, regular cavity; suture deep, extending beyond the apex; skin thin, tough, smooth, glossy, finely pitted, dark purple to almost black; flesh red with lighter veinings, firm, meaty, rich, sweet; quality very good; pit of medium size, plump, partially adherent; season at Santa Clara the last of July to August; ships well; has not been reported from the eastern states. =Dure Noir Grosse.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:160. 1882. Not described. =Dwarf Siberian.= _P.fruticosa._ =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:153. 1832. _Dutch Weeping._ =2.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 48. 1831. _De Sibérie._ =3.= _Ibid._ 55. 1831. =4.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ =2=:No. 20, Pl. 1846. _Weeping._ =5.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 283. 1832. _De Sibérie à fruit rond_? =6.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:508. 1860. Dwarf Siberian belongs to _Prunus fruticosa_, the dwarf cherry of the Old World, of which _Cerasus chamaecerasus_ is a synonym. This cherry was introduced into America by Prince of Flushing, New York, and was thought by him to be the most suitable species to furnish stocks for dwarf trees. At best the variety reaches a height of from three to four feet with branches very numerous, forming a dense shrub. The flowers have long peduncles, often solitary but are usually united in umbels of from three to five each, which are sessile and axillary; fruit globular, red, small; flesh red, very acid, tender. =Early Amarella.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Albertson & Hobbs _Cat._ 26. 1904. =2.= Vincennes _Nur. Cat._ 26. 1906. Tree upright, hardy, very productive; fruit large, brilliant red becoming darker as it gets riper; stem very long. =Early Amber.= _P. avium._ =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 69. 80. 1866, =2.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 45. 1831. _River's Early Amber Heart._ =3.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 234. 1841. =4.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 177. 1845. _Guigne panachée précoce._ =5.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:97, 208. 1866. _Bigarreau Ambré Précoce._ =6.= Mas _Le Verger_ =8=:49, 50, fig. 23. 1866-73. =7.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:174, 175 fig. 1877.