The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical DocumentsKirkland, Joseph
History
The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical Documents
Kirkland, Joseph
Chicago (Ill.) -- History; Fort Dearborn Massacre, Chicago, Ill., 1812
On the 9th of August, I received orders from General Hull to evacuate
the post and proceed with my command to Detroit, by land, leaving
it at my discretion to dispose of the public property as I thought
proper. The neighboring Indians got the information as soon as I did,
and came in from all quarters to receive goods in the factory-store,
which they understood were to be given to them. On the 13th, Captain
Wells, of Fort Wayne, arrived with about thirty Miamis, for the
purpose of escorting us in, by request of General Hull. On the 14th
I delivered to the Indians all the goods of the factory-store, and a
considerable quantity of provisions which we could not take with us.
The surplus arms and ammunition I thought proper to destroy, fearing
they would make bad use of it, if put in their possession. I also
destroyed all liquor on hand soon after they began to collect.
The collection was unusually large for that place, but they conducted
with the strictest propriety until after I left the fort. On the
15th, at 9 A. M., we commenced our march. A part of the Miamis were
detached in front, the remainder in our rear, as guards, under the
direction of Captain Wells. The situation of the country rendered it
necessary for us to take the beach, with the lake on our left and
a high sand-bank on our right at about one hundred yards distance.
We had proceeded about a mile and a half when it was discovered
that the Indians were prepared to attack us from behind the bank. I
immediately marched up, with the company, to the top of the bank,
when the action commenced; after firing one round we charged, and the
Indians gave way in front and joined those on our flanks. In about
fifteen minutes they got possession of all our horses, provisions,
and baggage of every description, and, finding the Miamis did not
assist us, I drew off the men I had left and took possession of a
small elevation in the open prairie, out of shot of the bank or any
other cover. The Indians did not follow me but assembled in a body
on the top of the bank, and after some private consultation among
themselves, made signs for me to approach them. I advanced toward
them alone and was met by one of the Pottowatomie chiefs called
Black-bird, with an interpreter. After shaking hands, he requested
me to surrender, promising to spare the lives of all the prisoners.
On a few moments consideration I concluded it would be most prudent
to comply with his request, although I did not put entire confidence
in his promise. After delivering up our arms we were taken back to
their encampment near the fort, and distributed among the different
tribes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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