The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical DocumentsKirkland, Joseph
History
The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical Documents
Kirkland, Joseph
Chicago (Ill.) -- History; Fort Dearborn Massacre, Chicago, Ill., 1812
So steps upon the stage of history the earliest non-Indian settler
of Chicago; a man who built, at about the time of our Declaration
of Independence, the house which was standing within the memory of
hundreds of Chicagoans of 1892--the well-known "Kinzie Mansion," that
faced the north bank of the river where Pine Street now ends.
Mrs. John H. Kinzie, in her delightful book, "Wau-Bun, the Early day
in the North-West," calls him "Pointe au Sable," and says he was a
native of San Domingo, and came from that island with a friend named
Glamorgan; who had obtained large Spanish grants in or about St. Louis.
She adds that Jean Baptiste sold his Chicago establishment to a French
trader named Le Mai, and went back to Peoria where his friend Glamorgan
was living, and died tinder his roof, presumably about 1800. From Le
Mai, the property passed in 1803, to John Kinzie, the real pioneer of
Chicago.
Hispaniola (Hayti and San Domingo) was discovered and even colonized,
by Columbus, in 1492. It had then some two million inhabitants, living
like our first parents in Eden (Genesis I, 27), but the unspeakable
cruelty of the Spaniards so depopulated the splendid and happy island,
that in 1517--twenty-five years later--it was requisite to import negro
slaves to carry on the mining, and to-day not one soul of the original
race survives.
The French began to come in 1630, and by the treaty of Ryswick
[1697] the island was divided between France and Spain. Then began
the greatness of the Haytian negro, which culminated in Toussaint
L'Ouverture, liberator of his race from French slavery and his land
from French domain; and later, victim to Napoleon's perfidy. Under the
French rule many free negroes were educated in France, very probably
Baptiste Pointe de Saible among the rest. At any rate he was of the
adventurous spirit which would rather be first in a new sphere than
last in an old, and so, with Glamorgan, he came over to Mobile or New
Orleans. Then (probably on one of John Law's "Compagnie de l'Occident"
bateaux) he came up the Mississippi to Kaskaskia, Cahokia, St. Louis,
and at last to Peoria, on the Illinois, where he left Glamorgan, and
pushed on to the Pottowatomie outposts where we find him in 1778, the
object of Colonel de Peyster's admiring dislike.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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