Immediately under the Central Executive Committee there are three agencies of vitality and importance. The first of these is the _San Min Chu I Ch'ing-nien T'uan_ (usually translated _San Min Chu I_ Youth Corps, or Kuomintang Youth Corps). A war-time addition to the Party, it became politically possible when the abandonment of appeasement re-aligned government and youth. The Communist Youth Corps (_Kung-ch'an Ch'ing-nien T'uan_) provided a model and rival. The Constitution of the Corps, together with an appraisal (from the official point of view) of its work, is given below in Appendices II (B) and II (C). In terms of practical political effect, the Corps is significant, although far less important than its organization scheme would indicate. It combines some of the functions of a military training system with social and propaganda work. Leftists have complained against it bitterly as an agency of espionage and repression within student groups; others have acclaimed it as a meeting of the Kuomintang and the youth, fruitful in terms of national unity. The importance of the Corps lies in its organization of a broad group of young men, one or more steps up from the bottom of the economic scale, and in the fact that the government and Kuomintang--after years of overriding youth opinion--now find it feasible to organize their own affiliate. Few charges of corruption have touched the Corps, which lies particularly within the purview of the Generalissimo. A minor but active element in the political scene, it stands for the Kuomintang's bid for permanence, and, in the event of internal dissension, would be a valuable prop to the _status quo_. The political indecision and laxness of China in general has kept the group from becoming either a _Hitlerjugend_ or a frankly democratic C.C.C. (Civilian Conservation Corps) on the American plan; the Corps is at best a laggard bid to young men, and a belated competition with the Left and the Communists.[3] [Footnote 3: See _China at War_, Vol. V, No. 3 (October 1940), p. 77-8, for a recent official account of the Corps.] The Party Affairs Committee (_Tang-wu Wei-yüan-hui_) supplements the work of the Central Control Committee in investigating Party personnel and acting as a supplementary housekeeping agency for intra-Party organization.