[Footnote 3: _Kung-ho-kuo_ is the Western-type term for Republic; the Kuomintang uses _Min-kuo_ or Folk-realm. _Su-wei-ai_ is a phonetic representation of "Soviet"; the characters, not intended to have meaning, are unconsciously humorous in that their lexicographical signification is "Revive (and) maintain dust!"] Despite Kuomintang theory, the Frontier Area is a one-party _imperium in imperio_, and its unchallenged party is the Communist. Under conditions requiring great fortitude, the Chinese Communist leaders have consolidated power, and use their base to spread Marxism through the guerrilla movement. They are thus in the best possible political position; their strategic excellence makes them welcome in precisely those zones wherein their doctrines can best take effect. Their party organization controls the Frontier Area through formal appointment of the leading officials by the National Military Affairs Commission, and through formulae of election for the subordinate officials. The hierarchy of the Chinese C.P. is much like that of the Kuomintang, which also copied Soviet models:[4] |--- | CENTRAL PARTY<--COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL | COMMITTEE | |--| NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS----------------- | |---------------| /\ | \/ | || | Executive Bureau | \/ |->Central Control Political Bureau | National Party Committee Special Departments: | Convention Organization | /\ Publicity | || | \/ | Provincial Council of Party Delegates | Provincial Party Committee | Standing Committee----------| \/ /\ | Communist Youth Corps || | \/ \/ _Hsien_ Councils of Municipal Councils Party Delegates of Party Delegates _Hsien_ Party Committee /\ |-------->Municipal Party || | Committee \/ \/ Party Members' Mass Meetings District (_ch'ü_) Councils of Party Delegates District Party Committees /\ || \/ Branch Party Organs (cells) Branch Party Organ Executive Committees