[Besides this bull, Pope Nicholas V granted another, dated January 8th, 1450, conceding to King D. Affonso V all the territories which Henry had discovered (Archives of Torre do Tombo, _Maç. 32 de bullas_ No. 1). On January 8th, 1454, the same Pope ratified and conceded by another bull to Affonso V, Henry, and all the Kings of Portugal their successors, all their conquests in Africa, with the islands adjacent, from Cape Bojador, and from Cape Non as far as all Guinea, with the whole of the south coast of the same. Cf. Archivo R. _Maç. 7 de bull_. No. 29, and _Maç. 33_, No. 14; and Dumont, _Corp. Diplomat. Univ._, III, p. 1,200. On March 13th, 1455, Calixtus III determined by another bull that the discovery of the lands of W. Africa, so acquired by Portugal, as well as what should be acquired in future, could only be made by the Kings of Portugal; and he confirmed the bulls of Martin V and Nicholas V: cf. another bull of Sixtus IV, June 21st, 1481, and see Barros, _Decade I_, i, 7; _Arch. R. Liv. dos Mestrados_, fols. 159 and 165; _Arch. R. Maç. 6 de bull._, No. 7, and _Maç. 12_, No. 23.]--S.] [Endnote 68: (p. 54). _Without his license and especial mandate._--See Introduction to vol. ii, p. xiv.] [Endnote 69: (p. 54). _Curse ... of Cain._--For "Curse of Ham." Cf. Genesis ix, 25. "Cursed be Canaan: a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren." For this mediæval theory, used sometimes in justification of an African slave-trade, we may compare the language of Barros, quoted in note 81.] [Endnote 70: (p. 54). _Going out of the Ark._--The writings of Abp. Roderic of Toledo, and of the other authors here referred to, are apparently regarded by Azurara as explanatory of the record in Genesis, ix and x. Abp. Roderic Ximenes de Rada (fl. 1212) wrote _De Rebus Hispanicis_ in nine books; also an _Historia Saracenica_, and other works. Walter is doubtful. He may be Walter of Burley, the Aristotelian of the thirteenth-fourteenth century, who wrote a _Libellus de vita et moribus philosophorum_. Excluding this "Walter," our best choice perhaps lies between "Gualterus Tarvannensis" of the twelfth century; Walter of Châtillon, otherwise called Walter of Lille, author of an Alexandreis of the thirteenth century; or the chronicler Walter of Hemingburgh, or Hemingford, who is probably of the fourteenth century.] [Endnote 71: (p. 55). _Better to bring to ... salvation._--Cf. the Christian hopes of the pagan Tartars in the thirteenth century.] [Endnote 72: (p. 55). _Land of Prester John if he could._--See Introduction to vol. ii, p. liv. As to "Balthasar" [Barros says "he was of the Household of the Emperor Frederic III," who had married the Infanta Donna Leonor of Portugal (_Decade I_, ch. vii).]--S.] [Endnote 73: (p. 57). _Infant's Alfaqueque ... managing business between parties...._--The _Alfaqueque_, or _Ransomer of Captives_, must have been an interpreter as well. Later, we find "Moors" and negroes employed for this purpose.]