While the _Assyrians_ Reigned at _Nineveh_, _Persia_ was divided into several Kingdoms; and amongst others there was a Kingdom of _Elam_, which flourished in the days of _Hezekiah_, _Manasseh_, _Josiah_, and _Jehoiakim_ Kings of _Judah_, and fell in the days of _Zedekiah_, _Jer._ xxv. 25, and xlix. 34, and _Ezek._ xxxii. 24. This Kingdom seems to have been potent, and to have had wars with the King of _Touran_ or _Scythia_ beyond the river _Oxus_ with various success, and at length to have been subdued by the _Medes_ and _Babylonians_, or one of them. For while _Nebuchadnezzar_ warred in the west, _Cyaxeres_ recovered the _Assyrian_ provinces of _Armenia_, _Pontus_, and _Cappadocia_, and then they went eastward against the provinces of _Persia_ and _Parthia_. Whether the _Pischdadians_, whom the _Persians_ reckon to have been their oldest Kings, were Kings of the Kingdom of _Elam_, or of that of the _Assyrians_, and whether _Elam_ was conquered by the _Assyrians_ at the same time with _Babylonia_ and _Susiana_ in the Reign of _Asserhadon_, and soon after revolted, I leave to be examined. * * * * * CHAP. IV. _Of the two Contemporary Empires of the _Babylonians_ and _Medes_._ By the fall of the _Assyrian_ Empire the Kingdoms of the _Babylonians_ and _Medes_ grew great and potent. The Reigns of the Kings of _Babylon_ are stated in _Ptolemy's_ Canon: for understanding of which you are to note that every King's Reign in that Canon began with the last _Thoth_ of his predecessor's Reign, as I gather by comparing the Reigns of the _Roman_ Emperors in that Canon with their Reigns recorded in years, months, and days, by other Authors: whence it appears from that Canon that _Asserhadon_ died in the year of _Nabonassar_ 81, _Saosduchinus_ his successor in the year 101, _Chyniladon_ in the year 123, _Nabopolassar_ in the year 144, and _Nebuchadnezzar_ in the year 187. All these Kings, and some others mentioned in the Canon, Reigned successively over _Babylon_, and this last King died in the 37th year of _Jechoniah_'s captivity, 2 _Kings_ xxv. 27. and therefore _Jechoniah_ was captivated in the 150th year of _Nabonassar_.