Paderborn, 152 Palestine, Church in, 15-16, 100. _See_ Jerusalem, Syria Pallium, its significance, 67-8; sent to S. Boniface, 137; to S. Ansgar, 130 Pannonia, 124 Papacy and the popes: Papacy rises as the Empire decays, 4; wins political power, 5, 61, 149; acquires rights of jurisdiction, 31; popes act as envoys of Arian Gothic kings, 15, 31; papal elections confirmed by the emperor or the exarch, 34, and controlled by the Saxon emperors, 199; papacy supported by the Benedictines, 37, as afterwards by the Cluniacs, 173-5; degradation of the papacy in sixth century, 39; papal infallibility not dreamt of in sixth century, 39-40, nor in the early tenth, 197; growth of new ideals, popes begin to intervene in politics, 61; pope styled "oecumenical archbishop and patriarch," 65; papal power increases in Africa, 107-8; papacy preserves the traditions of the Empire, 143; alliance of the papacy with the Karlings, 147; growth of the temporal power, 143, 149; beginning of the Papal States, 149; loss of the Bulgarian Church, 134; papacy foments strife between the Slavs and Constantinople, 125; popes oppose iconoclastic emperors, 157; pope crowns Charles the Great emperor, 152-3; Nicolas I. claims to be the source of the Empire, 192; degeneracy of the popes in ninth and tenth centuries, 172, 196-7, 199; papal monarchy grows in theory at the time of its practical weakness, 191; papacy supports its claims by the forged decretals, 194-6; papacy reformed by the Saxon emperors, 197, 199-202; list of popes, 205-8. _See_ Rome Paschasius Radbertus, abbat of Corbie (died about. 865), 170 Passau, see of, 138 Patriarchates, the five, 24; question of supremacy, 90; their jurisdictions not considered unalterable, 91; patriarchal rights over the Bulgarian Church, 124; Illyria lost to Rome, 157. _See_ Alexandria, Antioch, Constantinople, Jerusalem, Rome "Patrician of the Romans," title conferred on Pippin the Short, 148; borne by Charles the Great, 152 Patrick, S., 57, 113-14, 183 "Patrimony of S. Peter," 65, 148 Paul the Deacon, 62 n., 65, 134, 167 Paul, patriarch of Constantinople, 164 Paul of Samosata, 80 Paul the Silentiary, 25-6 Paulicians, 80, 156 Pelagius, founder of the Pelagian heresy in fifth century, 72 Pelagius, I., pope, 16, 21, 34, 39-40, 107 Pelagius II., pope, 62, 64-6 Persecution of Catholics by Arians, 32, 74-5, 103-5; of Catholics by Moslems, 78; in the iconoclastic controversy, 155, 158, 165; of Jews, 77; of Nestorians by Muhammadans, 99 Persia, 12, 22-3, 80, 83, 110; the Church in, 93-5, 98-9; kings of, 93-5, 100, 102 Peter, S., 117, 120; _Confessio_ of, 152; patrimony of, 65, 148; Charles the Great's gift of lands to, 151; popes act in the name of, 148-50 Peter the Stammerer, bishop of Alexandria, 8 _Phantasiasts_, 86 Philae, temple of, 111