Habitual Jurisdiction is the Jurisdiction given to a Bishop to exercise his office in the Church at large. It is conveyed with Consecration, and is given to the Bishop as a Bishop of the Catholic Church. Thus an Episcopal act, duly performed, would be valid, however irregular, outside the Bishop's own Diocese, and in any part of the Church. _Actual Jurisdiction_ is this universal Jurisdiction limited to a particular area, called a Diocese. To this area, a Bishop's right to exercise his Habitual Jurisdiction is, for purposes of order and business, confined. The next order in the Ministry is the Priesthood. {130} (II) PRIESTS. No one can read the Prayer-Book Office for the _Ordering of Priests_ without being struck by its contrast to the ordinary conception of Priesthood by the average Englishman. The Bishop's words in the Ordination Service: "Receive the Holy Ghost for the Office and Work of a Priest in the Church of God," must surely mean more than that a Priest should try to be a good organizer, a good financier, a good preacher, or good at games--though the better he is at all these, the better it may be. But the gift of the Holy Ghost for "the Office and Work of a Priest" must mean more than this. We may consider it in connexion with four familiar English clerical titles: _Priest, Minister, Parson, Clergyman_. _Priest._ According to the Prayer Book, a Priest, or Presbyter, is ordained to do three things, which he, and he alone, can do: to Absolve, to Consecrate, to Bless. He, and he alone, can _Absolve_. Think! It is the day of his Ordination to the Priesthood. He is saying Matins as a Deacon just _before_ his {131} Ordination, and he is forbidden to pronounce the Absolution: he is saying Evensong just _after_ his Ordination, and he is ordered to pronounce the Absolution. He, and he alone, can _Consecrate_. If a Deacon pretends to Consecrate the Elements at the Blessed Sacrament, not only is his act sacrilege and invalid, but even by the law of the land he is liable to a penalty of L100.[6] He, and he alone, can give the _Blessing_--i.e. the Church's official Blessing. The right of Benediction belongs to him as part of his Ministerial Office. The Blessing pronounced by a Deacon might be the personal blessing of a good and holy man, just as the blessing of a layman--a father blessing his child--might be of value as such. In each case it would be a personal act. But a Priest does not bless in his own name, but in the name of the Whole Church. It is an official, not a personal act: he conveys, not his own, but the Church's blessing to the people. Hence, the valid Ordination of a Priest is of essential importance to the laity. {132} But there is another aspect of "the Office and Work of a Priest in the Church of God". This we see in the word _Minister._