The Church of Sancta Sophia, Constantinople: A Study of Byzantine BuildingLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
Religion
The Church of Sancta Sophia, Constantinople: A Study of Byzantine Building
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
Ayasofya Müzesi
The mosaics at Ravenna show veils hanging at the door of the church
through which Theodora is about to enter, and the large elevation of
the Palace of Theodoric, likewise in mosaic, shows hangings in all the
arches of the portico. Such textiles suspended at entrance doorways
are often mentioned by contemporary authors.[148] At S. Sophia the
doors entering the narthex, and those between it and the church, all
have bronze hooks, to which such “door veils” were suspended; and
embroidered Turkish hangings, which roll up from the bottom by means of
cords and pulleys, are still hung to them. In the Byzantine mosaics the
hangings are often shown raised by being gathered into a loose knot, or
by being drawn to the sides and passed once round the pillars between
which they hang.
[Illustration: FIG. 12.--Vessels of Sixth Century: from Ivory Throne,
Ravenna.]
The account of the coronation ceremony describes how the royal persons
were seated in the gynaeceum, screened by “golden velothyra,” so
that they should not be seen until the psaltae sang the “Lift up,”
when immediately the velothyra were raised. Of these hangings in the
interior we have a picture in the account given in the continuation
of Theophanes of an ambassador, Iber Curopalates, who visited
Constantinople in 923, and “was taken to the church of S. Sophia, that
he should inspect its beauty and size and precious ornaments. Now
the walls were all draped with cloth of gold before they led him in,
and he, struck with the great size of the church and its wealth of
adornment, exclaimed, ‘Truly this is the house of God,’ and returned
home.”[149] The _Ceremonies_ mention gold hangings in Catechumena above
Royal Door.[150] Nicetas tells us how the Crusaders “spared neither
the house of God nor His ministers, but stripped the great church of
all its fine ornaments and hangings, made of the richest brocades of
inestimable value.”
We have no doubt that S. Sophia was frequently adorned inside by the
arcades of both tiers having hangings suspended from the iron bars,
which cross all these arches at their springing, exactly like those
shown in the mosaic of Theodoric’s palace. Indeed Ignatius of Smolensk
(_circ._ 1395), who was present at the coronation of Manuel, says that
the women in the galleries remained behind curtains of silk so that
none might see their faces.[151]
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