Footnote 49: The axial or skeletal structure of civilization, Mediterranean, Atlantic, Pacific, is the ocean around which it grows up. See Ramsay Traquair, “The Commonwealth of the Atlantic,” _Atlantic Monthly_, May, 1924. Footnote 50: Compare F. E. Clements, _Plant Succession_, p. 6. Footnote 51: For good discussions of the effect of new forms of transportation upon communal structure see McMichael and Bingham, _City Growth and Values_ (1923), chap. iv; also Grupp, _Economics of Motor Transportation_ (1924), chap. ii. Footnote 52: By actual count in the city of Seattle over 80 per cent of the disorderly houses recorded in police records are obsolete buildings located near the downtown business section where land values are high and new uses are in process of establishment. Footnote 53: A term used by members of the Department of Sociology in the University of Chicago. Footnote 54: This has also been suggested by the Chicago group. Footnote 55: Walter Lippmann, _Public Opinion_, pp. 361–62. Footnote 56: Michael MacDonagh, _The Reporters’ Gallery_. Pp. 139–40. Footnote 57: George Henry Payne, _History of Journalism in the United States_, p. 120. Footnote 58: William I. Thomas, _The Unadjusted Girl—with Cases and Standpoint for Behavior Analysis_, _Criminal Science_, Monograph No. 4, Boston, 1923. Footnote 59: Thomas and Znaniecki, _The Polish Peasant_, I, 87–97, quoted in Park and Miller, _Old-World Traits Transplanted_, p. 34. Footnote 60: _Ibid._, II, 259, quoted in Park and Miller, _Old-World Traits Transplanted_, pp. 39–40. Footnote 61: W. I. Thomas, _The Unadjusted Girl_, p. 71. Footnote 62: Robert E. Park, “The Significance of Social Research in Social Service,” _Journal of Applied Sociology_ (May-June, 1924), pp. 264–65. Footnote 63: J. Graham Cruickshank, _Black Talk_, p. 8. Footnote 64: Archbishop E. J. Hanna, head of the Catholic diocese of California, recently, during the drouth on the Pacific Coast, issued formal instructions to the pastors of all Catholic churches to offer the following prayer immediately after mass: “O God, in whom we live and move and are, grant us seasonal rain that we, enjoying a sufficiency of support in this life, may with more confidence strive after things eternal.”—From _Los Angeles Evening Herald_, January 17, 1924. Footnote 65: